pls explain

[smagish]

.The modernization program for the steel mill will cost approximately 51 million
dollars, which it is hoped can be completed in the late 1980's.
(A) The modernization program for the steel mill will cost approximately 51
million dollars, which it is hoped can be completed in the late 1980's.
(B) The modernization program for the steel mill, hopefully completed in the late
1980's, will cost approximately 51 million dollars.
(C) Modernizing the steel mill, hopefully to be completed in the late 1980's, will
cost approximately 51 million dollars.
(D) The program for modernizing the steel mill, which can, it is hoped, be
completed in the late 1980's and cost approximately 51 million dollars.
(E) Modernizing the steel mill, a program that can, it is hoped, be completed in
the late 1980's, will cost approximately 51 million dollars.


y is it e instead of c

[Birottam Dutta]

Hopefully is almost always incorrect on the GMAT.

It is hoped is always preferred. (Probably an expert can tell you about exceptions of when hopefully can be used).

In this sentence, it is hoped, to me, seems to be more appropriate than hopefully to be.

But it would do you well to note that it is hoped is almost always preferred on the GMAT to hopefully.

hope this helps!

[patanjali.purpose]

The modernization program for the steel mill will cost approximately 51 million dollars, which it is hoped can be completed in the late 1980's.

(A) The modernization program for the steel mill will cost approximately 51 million dollars, which it is hoped can be completed in the late 1980's.

(B) The modernization program for the steel mill, hopefully completed in the late 1980's, will cost approximately 51 million dollars.

(C) Modernizing the steel mill, hopefully to be completed in the late 1980's, will cost approximately 51 million dollars.

(D) The program for modernizing the steel mill, which can, it is hoped, be completed in the late 1980's and cost approximately 51 million dollars.

(E) Modernizing the steel mill, a program that can, it is hoped, be completed in the late 1980's, will cost approximately 51 million dollars.

Another way to solve:
A) WHICH modifies DOLLARS - it suggests that DOLLARS CAN BE COMPLETED IN 1980'S
B) COMPLETED...WILL do not go together. Completed signifies activity already completed but WILL signify activity is NOT YET FINISHED
D) BE COMPLETED and COST are part of CAN (ie relative clause WHICH) - THIS sentence lacks a main verb

Ignoring the fact that IT IS HOPED is better than HOPEFULLY, we have two grammatically correct choices C and E. But Note, the original sentence says THE PROGRAM WILL COST 51m, not MODERNIZING THE STEEL MILLS. This fact is broken in C that says "Modernizing the steel mill,..., WILL COST". E correctly says A PROGRAM (that can ,..., be completed..) WILL COST. Here A PROGRAM works as an appositive to Modernizing the steel mill and MAIN SUBJECT.

imo E

[vk_vinayak]

.The modernization program for the steel mill will cost approximately 51 million
dollars, which it is hoped can be completed in the late 1980's.
(A) The modernization program for the steel mill will cost approximately 51
million dollars, which it is hoped can be completed in the late 1980's.
(B) The modernization program for the steel mill, hopefully completed in the late
1980's, will cost approximately 51 million dollars.
(C) Modernizing the steel mill, hopefully to be completed in the late 1980's, will
cost approximately 51 million dollars.
(D) The program for modernizing the steel mill, which can, it is hoped, be
completed in the late 1980's and cost approximately 51 million dollars.
(E) Modernizing the steel mill, a program that can, it is hoped, be completed in
the late 1980's, will cost approximately 51 million dollars.


y is it e instead of c

Couple of other things that help us eliminate C (apart from saying that 'hopefully' is almost always wrong on GMAT)

Modernizing can be verb or noun(gerund). If it is a gerund, then C is wrong.

Also, as the option C is written, it is not clear what will be completed in the late 1980's: The modernization program or the steel mill?