The Neanderthals

[GmatKiss]

The Neanderthals, once considered dull-witted brutes, are now known to have had brains fully as large as our own.

(A) to have had brains
(B) as having brains that are
(C) to have brains that were
(D) that their brains were
(E) that they had brains that were

[Bill@VeritasPrep]

The correct idiom is "known to *verb*", which eliminates B (you can use "known as" if a noun follows), D, and E.

C uses "have", which is present tense. Since we're talking about Neanderthals ( who lived some time before the present), we need to use present perfect "have had."