OG VERBAL REVIEW 80.

[vinay89]

Under a provision of the Constitution that was never applied, Congress has been required to call a convention for considering possible amendments to the document when formally asked to do it by the legislatures of two-thirds of the states.

(A) ...
(B)was never applied, there has been a requirement that Congress call a convention for consideration of possible amendments to the document when asked to do it formally

(C) was never applied, whereby Congress is required to call a convention for considering possible amendments to the document when asked to do it formally

(D) has never been applied, whereby Congress is required to call a convention to consider possible amendments to the document when formally asked to do so

(E) has never been applied, Congress is required to call a convention to consider possible amendments to the document when formally asked to do so


The OA is E

[jaggies]

Can someone please shed some more light on why choice D is incorrect. I see some cases where we are required to match the words before the comma separator to what is placed after it.
For e.g. consider this example :
Unlike the economies of asian countries, the economy of China ......... is correct

[deepak1485]

we need to emphasize it has never been used ,so it is between D &E .Where by is D is redundant as we already under provision of the constitution . So I picked E .

Another way to look at it is "that was never applied " is extra info .. Remove that and sentence will still make sense ..

[vinay89]

hey guys the explanation in OG was.....D creates sentence fragment.
But not quite sure how.

[martin.jonson007]

Can someone please shed some more light on why choice D is incorrect. I see some cases where we are required to match the words before the comma separator to what is placed after it.
For e.g. consider this example :
Unlike the economies of asian countries, the economy of China ......... is correct

Right but that is the case when there is a phrase ( sentence with subject without verb or vice versa)

BUT

here is a complete sentence -> Under a provision of the Constitution that was never applied NOT A PHRASES

[gmat_perfect]

hey guys the explanation in OG was.....D creates sentence fragment.
But not quite sure how.

Some thoughts:

1. Sentence Fragments:

Sentence fragments may happen for the following reasons:
1.1. If there is no subject.
1.2. If there is no verb.
1.3. If there is only subordinate clause, but there is no independent clause. Independent clauses are started with subordinators.

Subordinators are words that cause one part of a sentence to be dependent on another part of the sentence. They can be a cause of sentence fragments if they subordinate a clause that does not have a main clause for the subordinate clause to be dependent upon.

Now look for the option D.

In option D, Under a provision of the Constitution that has never been applied，whereby Congress is required to call a convention to consider possible amendments to the document when formally asked to do so, there is no independent clause.

=> "Under a provision......been applied" is not an independent clause.
=> "whereby" introduces a dependent clause.

Conclusion:

=> Option D does not have an independent clause, so it is a sentence fragment.

Answer is E.