Lawsuit against doctors

[goelmohit2002]

Hi All,

In the below question, the OA is [spoiler]"E"[/spoiler]. For kicking out "C", OG says "C" is faulty because have elected, which is correct in tense, cannot idiomatically be followed by a participle such as retiring.

Can someone please help me understand why so ?

A recent study has found that within the past few years, many doctors had elected early retirement rather than face the threats of lawsuits and the rising costs of malpractice insurance.

(A) had elected early retirement rather than face
(B) had elected early retirement instead of facing
(C) have elected retiring early instead of facing
(D) have elected to retire early rather than facing
(E) have elected to retire early rather than face

[goelmohit2002]

Also can someone please explain why "had" is wrong in "A" and "B"...

IMO study has already completed.....so it should be followed by "had" isn't it ?

[real2008]

Hi All,

In the below question, the OA is [spoiler]"E"[/spoiler]. For kicking out "C", OG says "C" is faulty because have elected, which is correct in tense, cannot idiomatically be followed by a participle such as retiring.

Can someone please help me understand why so ?

A recent study has found that within the past few years, many doctors had elected early retirement rather than face the threats of lawsuits and the rising costs of malpractice insurance.

(A) had elected early retirement rather than face
(B) had elected early retirement instead of facing
(C) have elected retiring early instead of facing
(D) have elected to retire early rather than facing
(E) have elected to retire early rather than face

choice a: comparision should be parallel - had elected early retirement rather than face (facing)
choice b: 'rather than' is better usage than 'instead of'
choice c: retirement is better here than retiring
choice d: non parallel comparision
CHOICE E: BEST CHOICE, have elected TO RETIRE early rather than (to) FACE

[goelmohit2002]

Thanks. Can you please help me understand:

1. Why "Had" is incorrect as in "A" and "B".
2. What does OG mean to say when it says the reason for kicking out "C" is that "C" is faulty because have elected, which is correct in tense, cannot idiomatically be followed by a participle such as retiring.

[sang5650]

Also can someone please explain why "had" is wrong in "A" and "B"...

IMO study has already completed.....so it should be followed by "had" isn't it ?

The stmt says "many doctors". plural so it should be have and not had.

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1. Why "Had" is incorrect as in "A" and "B".
2. What does OG mean to say when it says the reason for kicking out "C" is that "C" is faulty because have elected, which is correct in tense, cannot idiomatically be followed by a participle such as retiring.

1. As far as this goes, in the original sentence it says 'within the last few years' which means that the action is still continuing and has not ended sometime in the past. Hence 'Had' is worng. 'Have' should be used.
2. The reason why I would kick this out would be because E is a better option. Always avoid -ing whenever possible. Also, 'Rather than' is a better than 'instead' in this scenario.

To put thing into perspective, Consider this. Replace 'elected' with 'decided'

'have decided retiring early instead of facing' - wrong (sounds wrong as well)
'have decided to retire early rather than face' - right

Hope this helps !