compound adverbial modifier

[A.Kiran]

Among lower-paid workers, union members are less likely than nonunion members to be enrolled in lower-end insurance plans imposing stricter limits on medical services and requiring doctors to see more patients, and spend less time with each



A. imposing stricter limits on medical services and requiring doctors to see more patients, and spend
E. that impose stricter limits on medical services, requiring doctors to see more patients and spending


This Qns is taken form here https://www.beatthegmat.com/impose-t31205.html#126033

Though there was a discussion.

I have 2 qns.

1. In E, there is a compound adverbial modifier. What you mean by the " compoun adverbial modifier "?

2. If something is modifing something, then how to identify that it is modifing or not ?
For example : In E, insurance plans that impose stricter limits on medical services, spending less time with each."

In this sentence, there is no clear who is spending less time . SO, we should ask the word " WHO " in order to find whether it is making sense to the previous nouns / clause ? is that the case ??




Thanks

[nittinj]

Its THE plan ' that impose stricter limits on medical services and require doctors to see more patients', its NOT THE plan who is spending time with patients but The Doctors...!!

Spending less time is a repurcussion of the plan (that) require doctors to see more patients..

[Stacey Koprince]

In future, it's better to post your question in the same thread as the original question - then we don't have to go back and forth to discuss / see the problem.

"compound" means there's more than 1 of whatever you're talking about and the word "and" is connecting the things.

So:

Amy and Sarah went to the store

"Amy and Sarah" is a compound subject. There are two subjects (Amy, Sarah), and they are connected by the word "and."

Amy swam and skiied.

"swam and skiied" is a compound verb. There are two verbs (swam, skiied), and they are connected by the word "and."

in E, we have ", requiring <doctors to see more patients> and spending <something else>"

or, more simply, ", requiring and spending"

First, "comma -ing" is an adverbial modifier, so ", requiring" is an adverbial modifier. The word "and" indicates parallelism, so "spending" is parallel to "requiring" and is also therefore an adverbial modifier. Now, we have two adverbial modifiers, and they're connected by the word "and" - hence, compound adverbial modifier.

Adverbial modifiers modify the preceding clause, so in E ", requiring..." and "spending..." should each modify "union members are less likely than nonunion members to be enrolled in lower-end insurance plans." So, is the fact that "union members aren't as likely to be enrolled in the lower-end plans" the thing that then requires doctors to see more patients? If not, then this is not the correct construction.

[A.Kiran]

Thanks Stacey.