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Spray

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by hariharakarthi » Mon Aug 10, 2009 5:21 am
Environmental scientists have been careful to point out that the pollution of estuaries has various causes, including seepage from septic fields, overuse of waterways by boats lacking proper waste disposal facilities, spraying indiscriminate pesticides by farmers, and inadequate protection of the water table.


A. spraying indiscriminate pesticides by farmers

B. the indiscriminate spraying of pesticides by farmers

C. pesticides which are sprayed by farmers indiscriminately

D. pesticides being sprayed in indiscriminate amounts by farmers

E. farmers who spray pesticides indiscriminately
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Re: Spray

by madhur_ahuja » Mon Aug 10, 2009 6:02 am
IMO B for || ism
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by Andz1003 » Mon Aug 10, 2009 10:09 am
IMO B
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by hariharakarthi » Mon Aug 10, 2009 11:01 am
The break up of parallel elements is as follows,
various causes,
including seepage from septic fields, ---- Simple Gerund phrase as Nouns

overuse of waterways by boats lacking proper waste disposal facilities,
--- Noun phrase

spraying indiscriminate pesticides by farmers, -- Simple Gerund phrase as Nouns
The correct usage is,
the indiscriminate spraying of pesticides by farmers -- Complex Gerund as Noun
and inadequate protection of the water table -- Noun phrase

Can any one explain, how Complex gerund and Simple gerund made parallel here. Please correct me if I am wrong.

regards,
hhk
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by goelmohit2002 » Mon Aug 10, 2009 1:37 pm
hariharakarthi wrote:The break up of parallel elements is as follows,
various causes,
including seepage from septic fields, ---- Simple Gerund phrase as Nouns

overuse of waterways by boats lacking proper waste disposal facilities,
--- Noun phrase

spraying indiscriminate pesticides by farmers, -- Simple Gerund phrase as Nouns
The correct usage is,
the indiscriminate spraying of pesticides by farmers -- Complex Gerund as Noun
and inadequate protection of the water table -- Noun phrase

Can any one explain, how Complex gerund and Simple gerund made parallel here. Please correct me if I am wrong.

regards,
hhk
Hi hhk,

IMO not sure abt simple/complex gerund noun case...

But IMO, the parallelism is like this....(IMO better word here would have been....which include....rather than including....which is a comma +ing setup and modifies the entire previous clause....but since no option :-))....

reasons including A, B, C, and D.
All the above are noun/noun phrases.

Here A = seepage
B = overuse
C = the indiscriminate spay(whatever follow a/an/the is always noun)
D = inadequate protection.

Please tell if I am wrong or missing something.
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by mehravikas » Mon Aug 10, 2009 8:30 pm
IMO - B
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by yogami » Mon Aug 10, 2009 8:37 pm
In B the "the" threw me off. Is that legal there?
200 or 800. It don't matter no more.
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