2016 OG quant review question 125

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2016 OG quant review question 125

by yoyhan » Sun Nov 08, 2015 3:38 am
Hi,

I would very much appreicate if someone could explain question 125 in the 2016 OG quant review for me!

The question is:
What is the remainder when 3^24 is divided by 5?

The answer is apparently 1, but to me thats not logical... I thought it would be 2.

Thanks in advance!
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by GMATGuruNY » Sun Nov 08, 2015 3:54 am
yoyhan wrote:Hi,

I would very much appreicate if someone could explain question 125 in the 2016 OG quant review for me!

The question is:
What is the remainder when 3^24 is divided by 5?
WRITE IT OUT and LOOK FOR A PATTERN.

3¹/5 = 3/5 = 0 R3.
3²/5 = 9/5 = 1 R4.
3³/5 = 27/5 = 5 R2.
3�/5 = 81/5 = 16 R1.

3�/5 = 243/5 = 48 R3.
3�/5 = 729/5 = 145 R4.

Notice the pattern exhibited by the remainders:
3, 4, 2, 1...3, 4....
The remainders repeated in a CYCLE OF 4:
3, 4, 2, 1.

Implication:
Every exponent that is a MULTIPLE OF 4 will yield a remainder of 1.
From here, the cycle will repeat:
Every exponent that is a (MULTIPLE OF 4) + 1 will yield a remainder of 3.
Every exponent that is a (MULTIPLE OF 4) + 2 will yield a remainder of 4.
Every exponent that is a (MULTIPLE OF 4) + 3 will yield a remainder of 2.
The next exponent that is a MULTIPLE OF 4 will yield a remainder of 1.
And so on.

Since 24 is a multiple of 4, dividing 3²� by 5 will yield a remainder of 1.
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by [email protected] » Sun Nov 08, 2015 3:56 pm
Hi yoyhan,

Mitch's explanation serves a broader point (besides just explaining the correct answer to this question). The GMAT is a Test that is BUILT around patterns - so your ability to spot (or prove) that a pattern exists will be quite useful in helping you to score at a higher level. Whenever a Quant question includes some type of 'big' calculation, it's almost certain to be hiding a pattern of some type - so if you can't spot the pattern immediately, you should be prepared to do SOME work to determine what the pattern is (and not every step of some big calculation).

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