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Translating Words to Algebra

Expert replies
by dlencz » Wed Feb 22, 2012 12:52 pm
Here's the question:

The price of car A increased by percent over the same time period that the price of car B decreased by percent. The reduced price of car B was what percent of the original price of car A?

The increased price of car A is equal to the original price of car B.
The increase in price of car A was of the decrease in the price of car B.

And here is Knewton's explanation:

(If x= car A and y= car B)

Statement 1 tells us that the increased price of car A (1.2x), is equal to the original price of car B, y:1.2x = y. Since this gives us a relationship between x and y, we can answer the question. Statement 1 alone is sufficient. The answer is A or D.

Statement 2 tells us that the increase in price of car A (0.2x), is equal to 5/6 the decrease in price of car B, 0.2y:0.2x = 5/6 * 0.2y . This also gives us a relationship between x and y. Statement 2 alone is sufficient to answer the question.

I'm getting lost on the ratios. For example, if the increased price of car A is equal to the original price of car B isn't that just 1.2x = y? Why is it y:1.2x = y?

Just thinking about it at a high level it's fairly obvious there's enough information from both to solve but I'd like to understand the math behind it.

Thanks for the help.
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Source: — Data Sufficiency |

by sanju09 » Thu Feb 23, 2012 2:56 am
dlencz wrote:Here's the question:

The price of car A increased by percent over the same time period that the price of car B decreased by percent. The reduced price of car B was what percent of the original price of car A?

The increased price of car A is equal to the original price of car B.
The increase in price of car A was of the decrease in the price of car B.

And here is Knewton's explanation:

(If x= car A and y= car B)

Statement 1 tells us that the increased price of car A (1.2x), is equal to the original price of car B, y:1.2x = y. Since this gives us a relationship between x and y, we can answer the question. Statement 1 alone is sufficient. The answer is A or D.

Statement 2 tells us that the increase in price of car A (0.2x), is equal to 5/6 the decrease in price of car B, 0.2y:0.2x = 5/6 * 0.2y . This also gives us a relationship between x and y. Statement 2 alone is sufficient to answer the question.

I'm getting lost on the ratios. For example, if the increased price of car A is equal to the original price of car B isn't that just 1.2x = y? Why is it y:1.2x = y?

Just thinking about it at a high level it's fairly obvious there's enough information from both to solve but I'd like to understand the math behind it.

Thanks for the help.
Stem perhaps needs the following correction, I realized that only after going through the presented explanation:

The price of car A increased by 20 percent over the same time period that the price of car B decreased by 20 percent. The reduced price of car B was what percent of the original price of car A?

The increased price of car A is equal to the original price of car B.
The increase in price of car A was 5/6 of the decrease in the price of car B.

Let's take the original price of car A as x, which increases by 20 percent over some time period and becomes 120 percent of x. Let's also take the original price of car B as y, which decreases by 20 percent over the same time period and becomes 80 percent of y. We have to find the value of 80 percent of y divided by x, or we just need to be able to evaluate y/x uniquely.

I. This states that 120 percent of x = y or y/x = 1.2, hence it's sufficient.

II. This states that 20 percent of x = 5/6 of 0.2 y, and y/x can be found uniquely, hence sufficient.

It's D

...and the sign : you are talking about isn't ratio here, it's simply a semi-colon:
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