Tricky problem if worked out without N-equations,variables

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Hallie has only nickels,dimes and quarters in her pocket.If she has atleast 1 of each kind of coin and has a total of $2.75 in change,how many nickels does she have?

(1)She has a total of 21 coins,with twice as many dimes as nickels.
(2)She has $1.50 in quarters.

From the question we have,

Let x,y,z be the number of Nickels,Dimes and Quarters respectively
N(x)+D(y)+Q(z)=2.75 => 0.05(x)+0.10(y)+0.25(z)=2.75-----------------------------Equation 1

From statement 1,we get 2 more equations
x+y+z=21--------------------------------------------------------------------Equation 2

x=2y-------------------------------------------------------------------------Equation 3

Thus we have 3 equations and 3 variables and hence it can be solved.

Now my concern is what if I use another method--

0.05(x)+0.10(y)+0.25(z)=2.75

Lets substitute x=2y we got from statement 2

0.05(2y)+0.10(y)+0.25(z)=2.75 => 0.20(y)+0.25(z)=2.75---------------------Equation A

We also have from statement 1 ,x+y+z=21 again x=2(y) so we have 3(y)+z=21------Equation B

Solving Equation A and B gives us answers in decimals y=4.54 and z=7.36

The number of coins simply cannot be decimals.Please explain.I understand that one doesnt need to solve,just checking sufficiency is enough.But still,I wanted to solve this problem without using the N-Equations,N-Variables method since there are some problems out there that require solving.



Thanks people.

Dan
Source: — Data Sufficiency |

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by mevicks » Thu Oct 31, 2013 4:56 am
dddanny2006 wrote:Hallie has only nickels,dimes and quarters in her pocket.If she has atleast 1 of each kind of coin and has a total of $2.75 in change,how many nickels does she have?

(1)She has a total of 21 coins,with twice as many dimes as nickels.
(2)She has $1.50 in quarters.
Note:
1 Nickel = 5 Cents
1 Dime = 10 Cents
1 Quarter = 25 Cents

Let the number of nickels, dimes, and quarters be n, d, & q (note n,d,q are +ive integers as coins can't be in decimals!)

Given: Total value is $2.75 or 275 cents
n*5 + d*10 + q*25 = 275
n + 2d + 5q = 55

Q: n = ?

St1:
d = 2n
n + d + q = 21
From these two equations : 3n + q = 21; q = 21 - 3n
Substitute these values of d and q in the original equation
n + 2d + 5q = 55
n + 4n + 5*21 - 15n = 55
We can solve for n, SUFFICIENT

St2:
25q = 150
q = 6
now original equation becomes:
n + 2d + 5*6 = 55
n + 2d = 25
We can have multiple values for n and d, INSUFFICIENT


[spoiler]Answer : A[/spoiler]
Last edited by mevicks on Thu Oct 31, 2013 5:11 am, edited 1 time in total.

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by mevicks » Thu Oct 31, 2013 5:07 am
dddanny2006 wrote:Hallie has only nickels,dimes and quarters in her pocket.If she has atleast 1 of each kind of coin and has a total of $2.75 in change,how many nickels does she have?

(1)She has a total of 21 coins,with twice as many dimes as nickels.
(2)She has $1.50 in quarters.

From the question we have,

Let x,y,z be the number of Nickels,Dimes and Quarters respectively
N(x)+D(y)+Q(z)=2.75 => 0.05(x)+0.10(y)+0.25(z)=2.75-----------------------------Equation 1

From statement 1,we get 2 more equations
x+y+z=21--------------------------------------------------------------------Equation 2

x=2y-------------------------------------------------------------------------Equation 3

Thus we have 3 equations and 3 variables and hence it can be solved.

Now my concern is what if I use another method--

0.05(x)+0.10(y)+0.25(z)=2.75

Lets substitute x=2y we got from statement 2

0.05(2y)+0.10(y)+0.25(z)=2.75 => 0.20(y)+0.25(z)=2.75---------------------Equation A

We also have from statement 1 ,x+y+z=21 again x=2(y) so we have 3(y)+z=21------Equation B

Solving Equation A and B gives us answers in decimals y=4.54 and z=7.36

The number of coins simply cannot be decimals.Please explain.I understand that one doesnt need to solve,just checking sufficiency is enough.But still,I wanted to solve this problem without using the N-Equations,N-Variables method since there are some problems out there that require solving.



Thanks people.

Dan
The problem is the misinterpreted part in red.
It should state y = 2x

x + 2x + z = 21
z = 21 - 3x

0.05 (x) + 0.10 (2x) + 0.25 (21 - 3x) = 2.75
x = 5

Hope that helps.

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by dddanny2006 » Thu Oct 31, 2013 5:08 am
How is it 125 cents?Its 275cents right?
mevicks wrote:
dddanny2006 wrote:Hallie has only nickels,dimes and quarters in her pocket.If she has atleast 1 of each kind of coin and has a total of $2.75 in change,how many nickels does she have?

(1)She has a total of 21 coins,with twice as many dimes as nickels.
(2)She has $1.50 in quarters.
Note:
1 Nickel = 5 Cents
1 Dime = 10 Cents
1 Quarter = 25 Cents

Let the number of nickels, dimes, and quarters be n, d, & q (note n,d,q are +ive integers as coins can't be in decimals!)

Given: Total value is $1.25 or 125 cents
n*5 + d*10 + q*25 = 125
n + 2d + 5q = 55

Q: n = ?

St1:
d = 2n
n + d + q = 21
From these two equations : 3n + q = 21; q = 21 - 3n
Substitute these values of d and q in the original equation
n + 2d + 5q = 55
n + 4n + 5*21 - 15n = 55
We can solve for n, SUFFICIENT

St2:
25q = 150
q = 6
now original equation becomes:
n + 2d + 5*6 = 55
n + 2d = 25
We can have multiple values for n and d, INSUFFICIENT


[spoiler]Answer : A[/spoiler]

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by mevicks » Thu Oct 31, 2013 5:13 am
Yep. A typo in translating from my scratch pad to the pc :)
Corrected the original post.

Also, here is a tip for word problems: Never use complex or confusing variable names.
It helps in the long run, and also avoids silly mistakes.

My 2 cents ... :)

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by GMATGuruNY » Thu Oct 31, 2013 10:06 am
dddanny2006 wrote:Hallie has only nickels,dimes and quarters in her pocket.If she has atleast 1 of each kind of coin and has a total of $2.75 in change,how many nickels does she have?

(1)She has a total of 21 coins,with twice as many dimes as nickels.
(2)She has $1.50 in quarters.
Statement 1: She has a total of 21 coins, with twice as many dimes as nickels.
Case 1: 2 dimes, 1 nickel
Amount yielded by 2 dimes and 1 nickel = 2(10) + 1(5) = 25.
Number of quarters = (remaining amount)/25= (275-25)/25 = 10.
Total number of coins = 2+1+10 = 13.
Since there must be 21 coins, Case 1 is not viable.

Case 2: 4 dimes, 2 nickels
Amount yielded by 4 dimes and 2 nickels = 4(10) + 2(5) = 50.
Number of quarters = (remaining amount)/25= (275-50)/25 = 9.
Total number of coins = 4+2+9 = 15.
Since there must be 21 coins, Case 2 is not viable.

Note the change:
As the number of dimes and nickels increases, the total number of coins increases by 2.
Implication:
If we keep increasing the number of dimes and nickels, only ONE combination will yield the required total of 21 coins.
Thus, the number of nickels can be determined.
SUFFICIENT.

Statement 2: She has $1.50 in quarters.
Remaining amount = 275 - 150 = 125 cents.
It's possible that there are 12 dimes and 1 nickel.
It's possible that there are 10 dimes and 5 nickels.
INSUFFICIENT.

The correct answer is A.
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