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Oncologists : chemotherapy + radiation

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Oncologists : chemotherapy + radiation

by bhumika.k.shah » Sat Apr 03, 2010 7:35 am
Oncologists report that cancer patients with brain tumors who receive a combination
of chemotherapy and radiation treatment do only as well, on average, as those
patients who receive radiation treatment alone. Yet the oncologists state that
chemotherapy is a necessary part of the treatment of all patients who receive them
for tumors.
Which of the following, if true, most helps to reconcile the oncologists' two claims?
(A) Oncologists treat all cancer patients who have tumors with either radiation
treatment alone or a combination of radiation and chemotherapy.
(B) Oncologists who prescribe these treatments make accurate determinations
about which patients need both radiation and chemotherapy and which need
radiation alone.
(C) Some tumors have been completely healed by a combination of radiation
and chemotherapy.
(D) Some tumors that have been exacerbated by improper attempts at
chemotherapy have been successfully treated with radiation.
(E) Patients with tumors in other areas of the body show more improvement
when treated with both radiation and chemotherapy than when treated with
radiation alone.

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by suryapal » Sat Apr 03, 2010 7:41 am
E ???
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by subgeeth » Mon Apr 05, 2010 12:33 pm
IMO E what is the OA
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by reply2spg » Mon Apr 05, 2010 1:44 pm
IMO it is A
bhumika.k.shah wrote:Oncologists report that cancer patients with brain tumors who receive a combination
of chemotherapy and radiation treatment do only as well, on average, as those
patients who receive radiation treatment alone. Yet the oncologists state that
chemotherapy is a necessary part of the treatment of all patients who receive them
for tumors.
Which of the following, if true, most helps to reconcile the oncologists' two claims?
(A) Oncologists treat all cancer patients who have tumors with either radiation
treatment alone or a combination of radiation and chemotherapy.
(B) Oncologists who prescribe these treatments make accurate determinations
about which patients need both radiation and chemotherapy and which need
radiation alone.
(C) Some tumors have been completely healed by a combination of radiation
and chemotherapy.
(D) Some tumors that have been exacerbated by improper attempts at
chemotherapy have been successfully treated with radiation.
(E) Patients with tumors in other areas of the body show more improvement
when treated with both radiation and chemotherapy than when treated with
radiation alone.

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by subgeeth » Mon Apr 05, 2010 2:44 pm
Can u pls explain how it is A
if A is true B is also true
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by gmat800_ » Mon Apr 05, 2010 2:52 pm
My answer: E
OA??
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by gmat800_ » Mon Apr 05, 2010 3:04 pm
My answer: E
OA??
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by bhumika.k.shah » Mon Apr 05, 2010 9:23 pm
OA B

OE [spoiler]The best answer is B. This is a paradox question. The paradox, or apparent
contradiction, arises from the fact that the physicians in charge of treatment say
that all patients who receive both treatments need both treatments. And yet, the
patients who receive both treatments usually don't do any better than the patients
who receive only one treatment. This apparent contradiction is resolved by the
statement in answer choice B that the physicians are correctly identifying which
patients need both treatments and not giving both to patients who only need radiation.
In other words, patients are not randomly assigned to the two groups but
rather carefully selected by experts. Each of the other statements is irrelevant to
the resolution of the paradox.[/spoiler]

Now cn someone explain?
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by Phirozz » Tue Apr 06, 2010 12:16 am
bhumika.k.shah wrote:OA B

OE [spoiler]The best answer is B. This is a paradox question. The paradox, or apparent
contradiction, arises from the fact that the physicians in charge of treatment say
that all patients who receive both treatments need both treatments. And yet, the
patients who receive both treatments usually don't do any better than the patients
who receive only one treatment. This apparent contradiction is resolved by the
statement in answer choice B that the physicians are correctly identifying which
patients need both treatments and not giving both to patients who only need radiation.
In other words, patients are not randomly assigned to the two groups but
rather carefully selected by experts. Each of the other statements is irrelevant to
the resolution of the paradox.[/spoiler]

Now cn someone explain?
Let me paraphrase

Patients who receive both chemotherapy and radiation treatment do only as well as those who receive only radiation.
Yet oncologists state that chemotherapy is necessary for all patients who receive them for tumors.


If both treatments give the same result as only radiation does, then why chemotherapy is necessary for those who received it(chemotherapy)? This is because some patients compulsorily need chemotherapy and some patients do not need. This is what B says and solve the paradox.


Now some patients(who need chemotherapy) receive both treatment and rest of the patients(who do not need chemotherapy) receive only radiation and those who receive both treatment do only as well as those who receives only radiation.


E is not addressing the argument. If patients with tumors in other areas of the body show improvement when treated with chemotherapy, then why patients with brain tumor receives chemotherapy(as per 1st sentence) ? Its clearly out of scope.
Last edited by Phirozz on Tue Apr 06, 2010 12:21 am, edited 2 times in total.
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by DanaJ » Tue Apr 06, 2010 1:31 am
Received a PM.

So you have the following argument:
- patients with chemo and radiation do as well as patients with radiation only
- still, chemo is necessary

A adds no new info to the argument. It's just a restatement of what's said in the stimulus: some receive chemo + radiation, some only get radiation.

B is the correct answer because it means that the two groups who seem to have the same improvements in health are in fact differentiated by something else: the patients who need chemo on top of radiation did so because they really needed it.

C may be true, but it does not address the paradox.

D is similar to C in the sense that it just doesn't explain the paradox nor touch it in any way.

E is a trick answer because you have patients with tumors in other areas of the body vs. patients with brain tumors. This is why this option does not touch the argument either, since the stimulus is only about brain tumors.
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by joseph32 » Mon May 16, 2016 12:12 am
E seems to be the best choice here
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