I can try to explain why B is the answer.. I hope it helps...

John Smith provides information on the conditions that lead women to a gynecologist, and he notes that these conditions can, and sometimes are, used in the promotion of surgery which is not needed.

(A) and he notes that these conditions can, and sometimes are, used in the promotion of surgery which is not needed <- Can BE USED SHOULD BE THE CORRECT USAGE..

(B) noting that these conditions can be, and sometimes are, used to promote needless surgery also noting is used in context of Information.. X provides info on Y noting that Y can lead to Z

(C) and notes that they could and sometimes are used unnecessarily in promoting surgery < - they can refer to women or conditions

(D) sometimes promoting needless surgery <- Modifies conditions so should be placed near the noun " conditions ".. misplaced modifier

(E) which they use sometimes to promote unnecessary surgery <- pronoun reference error

nervesofsteel wrote:I can try to explain why B is the answer.. I hope it helps...

John Smith provides information on the conditions that lead women to a gynecologist, and he notes that these conditions can, and sometimes are, used in the promotion of surgery which is not needed.

(A) and he notes that these conditions can, and sometimes are, used in the promotion of surgery which is not needed <- Can BE USED SHOULD BE THE CORRECT USAGE..

(B) noting that these conditions can be, and sometimes are, used to promote needless surgery also noting is used in context of Information.. X provides info on Y noting that Y can lead to Z

(C) and notes that they could and sometimes are used unnecessarily in promoting surgery < - they can refer to women or conditions

(D) sometimes promoting needless surgery <- Modifies conditions so should be placed near the noun " conditions ".. misplaced modifier

(E) which they use sometimes to promote unnecessary surgery <- pronoun reference error

What a great explanation! Thank you!

What a great explanation! Thank you!

Can you answer my specific question.....
I was able to answer this question but sometimes ING modifier confuse me....

ankit1383 wrote:

What a great explanation! Thank you!

Can you answer my specific question.....
I was able to answer this question but sometimes ING modifier confuse me....

+ING form can modify an entire clause , as long as the entire clause converted into a noun phrase could function as the subject of the verb that is in ING form.

The recent decrease in crime in NYC has led to a rise in property values

Crime has recently decreased in NYC, leading to a rise in property values



So ING form works best when you want to express the RESULT of the main clause

Thanks to MGMAT SC guide, we all know this rule now