Remainders Question - Nova

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Remainders Question - Nova

by shanice » Wed Apr 11, 2012 5:02 am
1) The remainder when positive integer m is divided by n is r. What is the remainder when 2m id divided by 2n?

a)r b)2r c)2n d)m-nr e)2(m-nr)

Answer is B.

Explanation:
Since the remainder when m is divided by n is r, we can represent m as m = kn + r, where k is some integer.Now, 2m equals 2kn + 2r. Hence, dividing 2m by 2n yields 2m/2n = (2kn + 2 r)/2n = k + 2r/2n. Since we are dividing by 2n (not by n), the remainder when divided by 2n is 2r.

[b]My question : Why the remainder is 2r? I don't understand that part.[/b]

2) If 42.42 = k(14 + m/50), where k and m are positive integers and m < 50, then what is the value of
k + m ?

a)6 b)7 c)8 d)9 e)10

Answer is E


Please help me out,guys. I would be very grateful if you guys could explain in detail.

Thank you in advance.
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by Shalabh's Quants » Wed Apr 11, 2012 5:42 am
shanice wrote:1) The remainder when positive integer m is divided by n is r. What is the remainder when 2m id divided by 2n?

a)r b)2r c)2n d)m-nr e)2(m-nr)

Answer is B.

Explanation:
Since the remainder when m is divided by n is r, we can represent m as m = kn + r, where k is some integer.Now, 2m equals 2kn + 2r. Hence, dividing 2m by 2n yields 2m/2n = (2kn + 2 r)/2n = k + 2r/2n. Since we are dividing by 2n (not by n), the remainder when divided by 2n is 2r.

My question : Why the remainder is 2r? I don't understand that part.

2) If 42.42 = k(14 + m/50), where k and m are positive integers and m < 50, then what is the value of
k + m ?

a)6 b)7 c)8 d)9 e)10

Answer is E


Please help me out,guys. I would be very grateful if you guys could explain in detail.

Thank you in advance.
Take an example Say m = 14 and n = 3. r = 2. Now 2m = 28 and 2n = 6. r = 4. Double.

Q 1. What I understand that you wish to cancel 28 & 6 by 2 first and then calculate the remainder. In that case it gives a wrong impression as remainder equals 1.

Now think like this.

"You have 28 candies and you have to distribute equally to 6 children. How many will be left with you?" each will get 4 each and 4 will be left with you.
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by Shalabh's Quants » Wed Apr 11, 2012 5:59 am
shanice wrote:1) The remainder when positive integer m is divided by n is r. What is the remainder when 2m id divided by 2n?

a)r b)2r c)2n d)m-nr e)2(m-nr)

Answer is B.

Explanation:
Since the remainder when m is divided by n is r, we can represent m as m = kn + r, where k is some integer.Now, 2m equals 2kn + 2r. Hence, dividing 2m by 2n yields 2m/2n = (2kn + 2 r)/2n = k + 2r/2n. Since we are dividing by 2n (not by n), the remainder when divided by 2n is 2r.

My question : Why the remainder is 2r? I don't understand that part.

2) If 42.42 = k(14 + m/50), where k and m are positive integers and m < 50, then what is the value of
k + m ?

a)6 b)7 c)8 d)9 e)10

Answer is E


Please help me out,guys. I would be very grateful if you guys could explain in detail.

Thank you in advance.
Q2. We can write this as...

=> 4242/100 = k(14 + m/50)
.
.
.
or reduce this to

2121 = k (700 + m); by LCM and simplification.

=> 3*7*101 = k(700 + m); By factoring 2121. 101 is prime no.

Say k =3 then 7*101 = 707 = 700 + m => m = 7

Or K+n = 3+7 = 10.(Acceptable soln.)


Say k =7 then 3*101 = 303 = 700 + m => m is negative. Not possible as m is +ive.

Similarly k = 101 or 21 or 303 not possible.

So only option left is k =3 & K+n = 3+7 = 10.
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by shanice » Wed Apr 11, 2012 6:44 am
Thank you very much, Sir. You have been very helpful .

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by LalaB » Wed Apr 11, 2012 7:43 am
1) The remainder when positive integer m is divided by n is r. What is the remainder when 2m id divided by 2n?

a)r b)2r c)2n d)m-nr e)2(m-nr)

My approach-

let m=3 n=5 then r=3
so, if 2m=6(3*2) n=10(5*2) then R=6 (or 2r)

ans is B
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by shanice » Wed Apr 11, 2012 8:35 am
Thank you, LalaB

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by GMAT Kolaveri » Wed Apr 11, 2012 9:00 am
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by Shalabh's Quants » Wed Apr 11, 2012 1:25 pm
shanice wrote:Thank you very much, Sir. You have been very helpful .
You are welcome Shanice. Don't forget to press Thank you Icon. :)
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by adhirajsarmah » Sat Sep 28, 2013 7:15 am
Hi Everyone - I still don't understand conceptually why the remainder is '2r'? Shouldn't it be '2r/2n' as a whole?

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by Brent@GMATPrepNow » Sat Sep 28, 2013 7:53 am
adhirajsarmah wrote:Hi Everyone - I still don't understand conceptually why the remainder is '2r'? Shouldn't it be '2r/2n' as a whole?
I received a PM about this.

Here's the original question:
The remainder when positive integer m is divided by n is r. What is the remainder when 2m id divided by 2n?

a)r
b)2r
c)2n
d)m-nr
e)2(m-nr)
Let's examine the solution that shanice posted:
Since the remainder when m is divided by n is r, we can represent m as m = kn + r, where k is some integer.
Now, 2m equals 2kn + 2r.
Hence, dividing 2m by 2n yields 2m/2n = (2kn + 2r)/2n = k + 2r/2n.
Since we are dividing by 2n (not by n), the remainder when divided by 2n is 2r.
Let's take a closer look at the portion in blue.
It says, 2m divided by 2n is the same as (2kn + 2r) divided by 2n
If we examine this division in parts, we can see that 2n will divide into 2kn a total of k times.
What about 2r divided by 2n?
Since r is the remainder of m divided by n, we know that r < n
This means that 2r < 2n
So, 2r cannot be divided by 2n. In other words, 2r is the remainder.


Another way to look at it is the use some numbers.
We know that 34 divided by 10 equals 3 with remainder 4
Let's rewrite this as 30 + 4 divided by 10 equals 3 with remainder 4
If we examine this division in parts, we can see that 10 divides into 30 a total of 3 times.
Since 4 < 10, we can see that 10 does NOT divide into 4.
So, the remainder is 4 (not 4/10)

Cheers,
Brent
Brent Hanneson - Creator of GMATPrepNow.com
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