Tough SC Modifier Problem

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Tough SC Modifier Problem

by tonebeeze » Wed Dec 22, 2010 4:59 pm
Clearly, I am the only person posting in the SC forum today...lol. Anyhow...

The SC problem below is a tough modifier problem. I was able to narrow down the choices to (c) or (e). The "cost to the United States...of" dissuaded me against option (e) for some unknown reason. Why is (e) a preferable answer choice to (b)? Also, I've noticed that in modifier problems where the entire passage is underlined, the GMAT likes to contrast possessive subjects or possessive collective nouns (such as in answer choices (a), (b), (c)), with placeholder "it" subjects (such as in question (e) ).

I would appreciate any analysis or advice anyone has on this problem and on my modifier problem observation. Thanks!


The United States petroleum industry's cost to meet environmental regulations is projected at ten percent of the price per barrel of refined petroleum by the end of the decade.

a. The United States petroleum industry's cost to meet environmental regulations is projected at ten percent of the price per barrel of refined petroleum by the end of the decade.

b. The United States petroleum industry's cost by the end of the decade to meet environmental regulations is estimated at ten percent of the price per barrel of refined petroleum.

c. By the end of the decade, the United States petroleum industry's cost of meeting environmental regulations is projected at ten percent of the price per barrel of refined petroleum.

d. To meet environmental regulations, the cost to the United States petroleum industry is estimated at ten percent of the price per barrel of refined petroleum by the end of the decade.

3. It is estimated that by the end of the decade the cost to the United States petroleum industry of meeting environmental regulations will be ten percent of the price per barrel of refined petroleum.
Source: — Sentence Correction |

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by gmat_perfect » Wed Dec 22, 2010 8:58 pm
tonebeeze wrote:Clearly, I am the only person posting in the SC forum today...lol. Anyhow...

The SC problem below is a tough modifier problem. I was able to narrow down the choices to (c) or (e). The "cost to the United States...of" dissuaded me against option (e) for some unknown reason. Why is (e) a preferable answer choice to (b)? Also, I've noticed that in modifier problems where the entire passage is underlined, the GMAT likes to contrast possessive subjects or possessive collective nouns (such as in answer choices (a), (b), (c)), with placeholder "it" subjects (such as in question (e) ).

I would appreciate any analysis or advice anyone has on this problem and on my modifier problem observation. Thanks!


The United States petroleum industry's cost to meet environmental regulations is projected at ten percent of the price per barrel of refined petroleum by the end of the decade.

a. The United States petroleum industry's cost to meet environmental regulations is projected at ten percent of the price per barrel of refined petroleum by the end of the decade.

b. The United States petroleum industry's cost by the end of the decade to meet environmental regulations is estimated at ten percent of the price per barrel of refined petroleum.

c. By the end of the decade, the United States petroleum industry's cost of meeting environmental regulations is projected at ten percent of the price per barrel of refined petroleum.

d. To meet environmental regulations, the cost to the United States petroleum industry is estimated at ten percent of the price per barrel of refined petroleum by the end of the decade.

3. It is estimated that by the end of the decade the cost to the United States petroleum industry of meeting environmental regulations will be ten percent of the price per barrel of refined petroleum.
You should know the concept of possessive:

We make possessive of impersonal object in the following way:

X of Y, where X is NOT a person.

We don't say:

Table's legs.........
Industry's cost....


We say:

Legs of the table....
Cost to the industry.....
Cost of the industry....


Thanks.

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by tonebeeze » Wed Dec 22, 2010 10:20 pm
gmat_perfect wrote:
tonebeeze wrote:Clearly, I am the only person posting in the SC forum today...lol. Anyhow...

The SC problem below is a tough modifier problem. I was able to narrow down the choices to (c) or (e). The "cost to the United States...of" dissuaded me against option (e) for some unknown reason. Why is (e) a preferable answer choice to (b)? Also, I've noticed that in modifier problems where the entire passage is underlined, the GMAT likes to contrast possessive subjects or possessive collective nouns (such as in answer choices (a), (b), (c)), with placeholder "it" subjects (such as in question (e) ).

I would appreciate any analysis or advice anyone has on this problem and on my modifier problem observation. Thanks!


The United States petroleum industry's cost to meet environmental regulations is projected at ten percent of the price per barrel of refined petroleum by the end of the decade.

a. The United States petroleum industry's cost to meet environmental regulations is projected at ten percent of the price per barrel of refined petroleum by the end of the decade.

b. The United States petroleum industry's cost by the end of the decade to meet environmental regulations is estimated at ten percent of the price per barrel of refined petroleum.

c. By the end of the decade, the United States petroleum industry's cost of meeting environmental regulations is projected at ten percent of the price per barrel of refined petroleum.

d. To meet environmental regulations, the cost to the United States petroleum industry is estimated at ten percent of the price per barrel of refined petroleum by the end of the decade.

3. It is estimated that by the end of the decade the cost to the United States petroleum industry of meeting environmental regulations will be ten percent of the price per barrel of refined petroleum.
You should know the concept of possessive:

We make possessive of impersonal object in the following way:

X of Y, where X is NOT a person.

We don't say:

Table's legs.........
Industry's cost....


We say:

Legs of the table....
Cost to the industry.....
Cost of the industry....


Thanks.
That was exactly the type of clarity I was looking for. Thanks.

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by sachinahuja_85 » Thu Dec 23, 2010 5:30 am
I would go with C.........wats the OA??????

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by Jim@Grockit » Mon Dec 27, 2010 8:40 am
gmat_perfect wrote:
You should know the concept of possessive:

We make possessive of impersonal object in the following way:

X of Y, where X is NOT a person.

We don't say:

Table's legs.........
Industry's cost....


We say:

Legs of the table....
Cost to the industry.....
Cost of the industry....


Thanks.
This is not true at all . . . while the "apostrophe + s" possessive is in some ways less formal, it is also less wordy. I opened OG12 at random and found "company's" in SC86 in the portion not underlined.

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