cud be true vs must be true

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by DanaJ » Sat Apr 10, 2010 5:39 am
"Must be true" statements usually involve assumptions, something that an argument can't go without . Assumptions are the unstated premises of an argument. Think about the following argument:

We have our Spring Dance next week. I don't think that Alice will have a date for it, though, because she's gained a lot of weight recently.

Here, I am making the assumption that the guys in our circle of friends don't like girls with a slight weight issue. This assumption is necessary for the argument to hold. If I were to negate this assumption, then the argument falls apart. If boys do like heavier girls, then Alice stands a good chance of getting invited to the dance.

Now, "could be true" statements are usually deduced from an argument. They're not 100% bound to be true, though, because you might need extra info to be completely sure.

A could be true because, if the southern part was a vast ocean, it is reasonable to assume that the northern part was less so.

B could also be true. Even though the southern half was covered by water and plesiosaurs live in water, there's no guarantee that you'll find them there. They might like only fresh water, while the water covering the southern part of the region could have been salty.

C can't be true. We're told that plesiosaurs lived during the Cretacious period exclusively, so there's no way to find them there before this period. C is the exception.

D is indeed a trap, but you need to remember that we are discussing a "certain region" only here and not the entire Earth. Maybe dinosaurs just did not live in that part of the planet, who knows? Even if it's reasonable to assume that the northern part was free from water and thus inhabitable by dinosaurs, you don't know for sure if they were actually there.

E is a bit odd, so to speak... It also seems that it can't be true! Maybe someone can help me out here. So dinos did not go into water, which means that they did not live in the southern part of the region for the Cretacious period. This means that they did not live there for the entire Mesosoic era... But if I had to choose, I'd go for C!

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by gmatmachoman » Sat Apr 10, 2010 6:02 am
Dana...

there is the catch..I am going for E only..

C says Dinosaurs didn't live in that creto's period.But it is not necessary that P would have not inhabited southern half region of Creto's. C could be true!!

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by DanaJ » Sat Apr 10, 2010 6:11 am
So C goes like so:

Plesiosaurs did not inhabit the southern half of the region before the Cretaceous period.

Ooops, you're right, I read "they did inhabit" instead of "do not inhabit". It makes sense now. Plesiosaurs definitely did not inhabit the southern half of the region before the Cretaceous period because Plesiosaurs did not live before the Cretaceous period at all! So this statement is definitely true.

Yes, indeed, E is correct here.

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by thephoenix » Sat Apr 10, 2010 6:15 am
OA IS E

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by gmatmachoman » Sat Apr 10, 2010 6:18 am
thephoenix wrote:OA IS E

Pheonix Bhai, i remember once Deepak dada was telling me this kind of questions are very rare and may not show up..But Must be true+except is a killer comibination...

If u want the best of CR..try solving Resolve the paradox combined with numbers/percentages ...!!

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by lunarpower » Fri Apr 16, 2010 8:20 pm
phoenix, please don't put single questions on powerpoint files for download like this -- it's an inconvenience to people reading the forum.
since you've already got the question on a slide, you can simply cut and paste the text of the question into a forum post, in a matter of seconds.

for other users, here's the text of the question:

The southern half of a certain region of the earth was covered entirely by water during the Cretaceous period, the last 75 million years of the Mesozoic era, the era when dinosaurs roamed the earth. Dinosaurs lived only on land. Thus, Plesiosaurs-swimming reptile that lived during the Cretaceous period exclusively-were not dinosaurs. No single species of dinosaur lived throughout the entire Mesozoic era.
If the statements in the passage are true, each of the following could be true EXCEPT:
(A) Dinosaurs inhabited the northern half of the region throughout the entire Mesozoic era.
(B) Plesiosaurs did not inhabit the southern half of the region during the Cretaceous periods.
(C) Plesiosaurs did not inhabit the southern half of the region before the Cretaceous period.
(D) Dinosaurs did not inhabit the northern half of the region during the Cretaceous period.
(E) Dinosaurs inhabited the southern half of the region throughout the entire Mesozoic era.
Ron has been teaching various standardized tests for 20 years.

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by lunarpower » Fri Apr 16, 2010 8:26 pm
as far as questions like this -- i.e., questions that are extremely heavy on formal logic -- it's not very likely that you'll see them.
these questions are a mainstay of the lsat, but they are extremely rare on the gmat (which is heavy on inductive, rather than formal/deductive, reasoning).

in the og 12th edition, the only two questions i've seen that the exhibit anywhere near this degree of formal logic are number 95 and number 106. neither of those two has the particular format of the question you've submitted, but the presence of those questions indicates that it's not impossible that you'll see something like this.

still, though, i think these questions should be given a lower priority than those in formats that are well known to be frequent on the gmat.

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the way you can think about this particular question is that it's almost a mirror image of a "draw the conclusion" question. in other words, "draw the conclusion" questions require you to pick a statement that can be proved from the existing statements; this problem, on the other hand, requires you to pick the statement that can be disproved from the existing statements.

you can conclusively disprove the last answer choice by noting that there was a time during the mesozoic era when the entire southern half of the region was covered by water. since the passage states that dinosaurs lived only on land, we know that the dinosaurs could not have lived in the southern region during that time, proving that statement (e) is impossible.
Ron has been teaching various standardized tests for 20 years.

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