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by krishhxa » Fri Apr 08, 2016 10:41 pm
Many of the earliest known images of Hindu deities in India date from the time of the Kushan Empire, fashioned either from the spotted sandstone of Mathura or Gandharan grey schist.

I am facing issues in identifying whether a particular term is a participle or a verb for eg" fashioned " as mentioned in the above question.
1. Why is fashioned a participle and not a verb?

secondly,

As per the explanation given states the verbs date and fashion should be in parellel. Why is so kindly guide.
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by fabiocafarelli » Sat Apr 09, 2016 11:00 am
1. Participles - present and past - are parts of verbs. In the verb IS EATING, there is a present participle that works as part of the verb because (in an actual sentence) it would have a subject, and this subject would be doing the action mentioned: i.e. EATING. Likewise, in the verb HAS EATEN, there is a past participle that works as part of the verb because (in an actual sentence) it would have a subject and this subject would have done the action mentioned: i.e. he or she would have EATEN.

2. Separated from the verbs to which they belong, participles can also function as adjectives. This is what happens in the sentence that you have quoted: FASHIONED works to modify some noun in the sentence, and because the sentence is not correctly constructed, it illogically modifies THE KUSHAN EMPIRE. Thus FASHIONED is not parallel with DATE, because DATE is a verb in the Present Simple tense and FASHIONED is working adjectivally to modify a noun.

3. This is one reason why option E is the correct answer in this question: it is the only one that pairs a verb with a verb: DATE with WERE FASHIONED.

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