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Married women!_good Sc.

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by gmat_perfect » Thu Jul 15, 2010 12:35 pm
A survey of 765 working women over eighteen years of age found that 60 percent of them worked 40 or more hours a week and for married women with children under eighteen it was more likely that they would work different shifts from their husbands.

(A) for married women with children under eighteen it was more likely that they would work different shifts from their husbands
(B) for married women whose children were under eighteen, they were more likely than other married women to work shifts different from their husbands'
(C) when married women had children under eighteen it was more likely for them to be working different shifts from those of their husbands'
(D) that married women with children under eighteen were more likely than other married women to work shifts different from their husbands'
(E) that when married women had children under eighteen they were more likely to be working shifts that differed from their husbands

[spoiler]OA: D[/spoiler]

please explain the wrong options.
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by tomada » Thu Jul 15, 2010 1:17 pm
My initial split eliminated choices A, B, and C. In the first part of the sentence, the survey found that 60 percent of them...

IMO, the underlined portion would necessarily begin with that to maintain parallelism with the first part of the sentence.

If that split is valid, I've reduced the choices to D and E. Choice E is incorrect because the phrase working shifts that differed from their husbands incorrectly compares shifts to husbands. This is in contrast with choice D, in which the (possessive) apostrophe is added to "husbands".
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by fukushima.ryan » Thu Jul 15, 2010 4:02 pm
My approach was different than tomada's but still approached to the same answer.

After reading through the original statement, I noticed alot of pronoun issues. "...they would work" is not clear (eliminate A)

The four remaining choices had 2-1-1 spilt in the beginning:

CE - "when " -- wrong because use of when is not describing a time or place (eliminate C)
B - "for married women"
D - "that married women"

reading through B again. I noticed the use of "they" is incorrect (eliminate B)

Ans: D
I didn't even pick up on the parallelism in this passage but that's the beauty of some of these SC problems!
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by paes » Thu Jul 15, 2010 10:51 pm
I discarded B, C, D on following basis

that married women with children under eighteen were more likely than other married women to work shifts different from their husbands'

apostrophe at the end of the sentence is not complete.

It can be :
husbands' shifts
husbands' X
husbands' Y -> not clear what it is.

I have read such type of explanation from OG only.

can somebody point out me a OG problem where I can see a construction like D.

Expert please help on it.
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by uwhusky » Thu Jul 15, 2010 11:01 pm
D seems correct.

First thing I see is parallelism:

A survey of 765 working women over eighteen years of age found that 60 percent of them worked 40 or more hours a week and that married women with children under eighteen were more likely than other married women to work shifts different from their husbands'

The entire clause can be broken down into:

Noun phrase + verb + another noun phrase that contains two parallel subclauses that begin with "that".

The underline portion can be broken down to:

married women...were more likely to work shifts different from their husbands' [shifts].

I hope that clarify the sentence a little bit.
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by GMATGuruNY » Fri Jul 16, 2010 1:37 am
gmat_perfect wrote:A survey of 765 working women over eighteen years of age found that 60 percent of them worked 40 or more hours a week and for married women with children under eighteen it was more likely that they would work different shifts from their husbands.

(A) for married women with children under eighteen it was more likely that they would work different shifts from their husbands
(B) for married women whose children were under eighteen, they were more likely than other married women to work shifts different from their husbands'
(C) when married women had children under eighteen it was more likely for them to be working different shifts from those of their husbands'
(D) that married women with children under eighteen were more likely than other married women to work shifts different from their husbands'
(E) that when married women had children under eighteen they were more likely to be working shifts that differed from their husbands

[spoiler]OA: D[/spoiler]

please explain the wrong options.
Quickest approach (which someone used above):

The pronoun that is needed for parallelism. Eliminate A, B, C.
In E, the pronoun they is ambiguous because it could refer to women or to children. E also incorrectly compares shifts to husbands. Eliminate E.

The correct answer is D.

The possessive their husbands' at the end of answer choice D is understood to mean their husbands' shifts:

...women were more like to work shifts different from their husbands' (shifts).

The word shifts is not needed; its presence is understood. The words different from indicate that a comparison is being made between the shifts of the women and the shifts of their husbands.

Another example:

Mary's cake is better than John's. (Mary's cake is better than John's cake.)

No need to repeat the word cake at the end of the sentence. As long as it's clear what's being compared, the sentence contains no error.

Hope this helps!
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by paes » Fri Jul 16, 2010 1:48 am
Thanks Guru for the clarification.
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by [email protected] » Thu Dec 22, 2011 11:22 pm
Final solution at one place:

Important: The purpose of this post (and all the other posts by me) is to give a complete solution to all GMAT-Prep Verbal questions at one place. Sometimes students have to wade through dozens of posts to get to the final answer. My posts will give one complete and crisp solution required to arrive at the correct answer by eliminating the wrong one. Some of the content in these posts may have been taken from various other sources (discussion forums).

A survey of 765 working women over eighteen years of age found that 60 percent of them worked 40 or more hours a week and for married women with children under eighteen it was more likely that they would work different shifts from their husbands.
(A) for married women with children under eighteen it was more likely that they would work different shifts from their husbands
(B) for married women whose children were under eighteen, they were more likely than other married women to work shifts different from their husbands'
(C) when married women had children under eighteen it was more likely for them to be working different shifts from those of their husbands'
(D) that married women with children under eighteen were more likely than other married women to work shifts different from their husbands'
(E) that when married women had children under eighteen they were more likely to be working shifts that differed from their husbands

Found that ... and that ... must be parallel. This eliminates A, B, and C.

E compares shifts and husbands (illogical). D compares shifts and husbands' (shifts) ... correct.
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