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i dont have its official answer

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i dont have its official answer

by sana.noor » Mon Sep 09, 2013 1:07 am
A recent study has found that within the past few years, many doctors had elected early retirement rather than face the threats of lawsuits and the rising costs of malpractice insurance.
(A) had elected early retirement rather than face
(B) had elected early retirement instead of facing
(C) have elected retiring early instead of facing
(D) have elected to retire early rather than facing
(E) have elected to retire early rather than face

the recent study is done and that study research about the past events...so isnt past perfect right?
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by vinay1983 » Mon Sep 09, 2013 1:52 am
sana.noor wrote:A recent study has found that within the past few years, many doctors had elected early retirement rather than face the threats of lawsuits and the rising costs of malpractice insurance.
(A) had elected early retirement rather than face
(B) had elected early retirement instead of facing
(C) have elected retiring early instead of facing
(D) have elected to retire early rather than facing
(E) have elected to retire early rather than face

the recent study is done and that study research about the past events...so isn't past perfect right?
I have a nagging feeling that the sentence is correct as it is written.But, my gut feeling says that "have elected to retire early" is correct!

Good one sana, what is the source?
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by sana.noor » Mon Sep 09, 2013 4:46 am
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by vishnum » Mon Sep 09, 2013 8:10 am
Hi,

I believe the answer is E.

Had will be used in past perfect tense but here we are not referring to two past events to use the Past perfect.

And we are not comparing any parallelism here as the threats of lawsuit and the rising costs of malpractise are the two events that might be faced. So "facing" is wrong.

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by Java_85 » Mon Sep 09, 2013 9:41 am
IMO C is the answer.
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by GMATGuruNY » Mon Sep 09, 2013 12:36 pm
A recent study has found that within the past few
years, many doctors had elected early retirement
rather than face the threats of lawsuits and the rising
costs of malpractice insurance.
(A) had elected early retirement rather than face
(B) had elected early retirement instead of facing
(C) have elected retiring early instead of facing
(D) have elected to retire early rather than facing
(E) have elected to retire early rather than face
In A and B, had elected (past perfect) serves to express an action COMPLETED AT AN INDEFINITE MOMENT IN THE PAST.
But the intention here is to express an action that STARTED within the past few years and MIGHT CONTINUE into the present.
For this purpose, we use the present perfect (have elected).
Eliminate A and B.

In C, elected retiring is unidiomatic.
The correct idiom is X elects TO DO Y.
Eliminate C.

In D, to retire and facing are not parallel.
Eliminate D.

The correct answer is E.

Also note the following:

X instead of Y typically implies that Y had been expected, but X happened INSTEAD.
John chose a pen instead of a pencil.
Implication: John had been expected to choose a pencil, but he chose a pen INSTEAD.
In the SC above, instead implies the following: it had been expected that doctors would elect to face the threats of lawsuits, but they have elected to retire early INSTEAD.
Not the intended meaning.

X rather than Y typically implies that X is preferred to Y.
John chose a pen rather than a pencil.
Implicated: John PREFERRED a pen.
This is the intended meaning of the SC above:
Doctors do not want to face the threats of lawsuits.
They PREFER to retire early.
The result is the wording in the OA:
Doctors have elected to retire early RATHER THAN face the threats of lawsuits.
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by jitsy » Mon Sep 09, 2013 12:39 pm
Hi Sana,

The correct answer should be E.

The first filter I choose is the choice between 'instead of' and 'rather than'. 'Instead of' is used more as a preposition so it helps to connect phrases/clauses to nouns. (e.g. I will go to the room instead of the balcony). 'Rather than' is used more as a conjunction so can connect phrases/clauses to a set of words (like in the statement in question). So here, 'rather than' is the right choice.

Secondly, since the study is recent (using present tense) and the mentioned practice of the doctors is probably still continuing at least up till the point of the study, 'have elected' is better than 'had elected' (which would wrongly suggest something that happened at one point of time in the past).

Now between D and E, I would choose E because

"to" is implied after "rather than". In other words, "to" does not have to be repeated. (Source: MGMAT SC)

D) many doctors have elected to retire early rather than (to) facing the threats... (incorrect)

E) many doctors have elected to retire early rather than (to) face the threats... (this is correct)

Hope the explanation makes sense.
sana.noor wrote:A recent study has found that within the past few years, many doctors had elected early retirement rather than face the threats of lawsuits and the rising costs of malpractice insurance.
(A) had elected early retirement rather than face
(B) had elected early retirement instead of facing
(C) have elected retiring early instead of facing
(D) have elected to retire early rather than facing
(E) have elected to retire early rather than face

the recent study is done and that study research about the past events...so isnt past perfect right?
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