Let's plug in some numbers.
Let's say that, originally, the price of sugar is $100 per bag and people consume 1,000 bags per year, so they spend $100,000 total on sugar.
After the changes, the price has increased to $120 per bag (20% increase) and the consumption has decreased to 800 bags per year (20% decrease). So, after these changes, people spend 120*800=$96,000 on sugar.
So, the total spent on sugar has decreased by 4% - answer C.
sugar
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Source: Beat The GMAT — Problem Solving |












