Veritas -John held parties for his kids that featured clowns

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According to Veritas prep

Relative Clauses-Its a subordinate clause that starts with a relative pronoun and is used to modify a noun.The most common relative pronouns that start a relative clause are: who,which,that,where,whom,whose

Important strategy tip:When you see a relative clause in any GMAT SC problem,simply look at the noun before the relative pronoun and ask :Is this logically modified by the relative clause?If there is no noun or the relative clause doesn't properly modify the noun,then there is an error.


Last year John performed well on the GMAT,which gained him entry to both HBS and SGSB.

The relative clause is in bold.In the Veritas book it is said that when there's a relative clause,we should look at the whether the clause modifies the noun before the pronoun of the relative clause.

'Which' is the relative pronoun of the relative clause.Prior to which,we have the GMAT which according to me is a noun.Why then is this sentence said to be incorrect?

John held parties for his kids that featured clowns,numerous exotic animals,and lots of food.--This sentence is said to be correct but the relative pronoun does not modify 'parties'.The noun prior to the relative pronoun is 'kids',how can kids feature clowns,numerous exotic animals,and lots of food?

Look at this sentence below,


John held parties in his house that featured clowns,numerous exotic animals,and lots of food.

The above sentence is said to be incorrect because it fails to modify 'parties'.Why is it incorrect?

The noun prior to the relative pronoun of the relative clause is house.And a house can certainly feature clowns,numerous exotic animals,and lots of food.
Source: — Sentence Correction |

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by Patrick_GMATFix » Sun Mar 09, 2014 7:15 pm
Two things you should understand:

1) The relative clause can refer to the noun just before the comma, or to the noun phrase just before the comma. Both of the sentences below are correct:

The children of the house, which was built in 2005, have just arrived.

The children of the house, who have been missing all week, have just been found by the police.

2) For a sentence to be correct, the modification should be clear (unambiguous) and in line with what the author intends to say. This is tested in the first sentence you quoted
Last year John performed well on the GMAT, which gained him entry to both HBS and SGSB.

The sentence is incorrect because although the modifier is targeting GMAT, it is not the GMAT itself that gained John entry to HBS but rather the fact that John performed well on the GMAT. So although this modification makes grammatical sense, the sentence is incorrect because it fails to convey the intended meaning. Let's look at the next sentence:
John held parties for his kids that featured clowns,numerous exotic animals,and lots of food.

As I stated in point 1 above, the relative pronoun can target the noun or noun phrase before the comma; so long as the modification is easy to understand and fits the author's intent, there is no problem. In this case, "that featured" refers to "parties for his kids", so the sentence is correct. Finally, the last sentence:
John held parties in his house that featured clowns,numerous exotic animals,and lots of food.
This sentence is incorrect because the target of the relative clause is unclear (ambiguous). Whereas in the previous sentence, it was clear that "that featured" must modify "parties" (it wouldn't make sense to say that the kids themselves feature clowns), in this case "parties" could feature clowns (intended meaning) but so could "the house" itself. As a result, the modification is ambiguous: did the parties feature clowns? or did the house?

If you use the GMATFix App to study, test yourself by filtering the Q database to show modifier questions and create drills from the resulting matches.

Hope that helped,
-Patrick
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by dddanny2006 » Mon Mar 10, 2014 1:32 am
Hey Patrick,
What do you make of this sentence then?

"It rained yesterday, which forced the organizers to cancel the event."---Why is this sentence incorrect?I mean,if "John held partied for his kids..."is correct,so should be this sentence too.

I agree that 'yesterday' is not a noun that gets modified by 'which.....'

But 'rained yesterday' does get modified by the 'which.....'

John held parties for his kids that featured clowns,numerous exotic animals,and lots of food.


In the above sentence the kids before the pronoun that is not logically modified by 'featured clowns,.....food',but 'held parties for his kids' does get modified by 'featured clowns,.....food'

If this sentence is correct then why is the 'rained yesterday'sentence wrong?
Held parties for his kids vs Rained yesterday

Both are actions.

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by Patrick_GMATFix » Mon Mar 10, 2014 2:01 am
Daniel,

You misread my original post. At no time did I write that the relative pronoun (which/that) modifies an action. I said it modifies the noun before the comma or the noun phrase before the comma.
It rained yesterday, which forced the organizers to cancel the event
What is "which" supposed to modify? Since "yesterday" is not the answer, and there is no other possible target, this is a modification error. "which" cannot modify "rained" or any other action. It modifies nouns (or noun phrases such as "yesterday's paper")
John held parties for his kids that featured clowns,numerous exotic animals,and lots of food.
In this sentence, "that" is not modifying "held parties" as you suggested; it cannot modify an action. Please have another look at my previous post. "that" is modifying "parties for his kids"
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by dddanny2006 » Mon Mar 10, 2014 4:11 am
Patrick_GMATFix wrote:Daniel,

You misread my original post. At no time did I write that the relative pronoun (which/that) modifies an action. I said it modifies the noun before the comma or the noun phrase before the comma.
It rained yesterday, which forced the organizers to cancel the event
What is "which" supposed to modify? Since "yesterday" is not the answer, and there is no other possible target, this is a modification error. "which" cannot modify "rained" or any other action. It modifies nouns (or noun phrases such as "yesterday's paper")
John held parties for his kids that featured clowns,numerous exotic animals,and lots of food.
In this sentence, "that" is not modifying "held parties" as you suggested; it cannot modify an action. Please have another look at my previous post. "that" is modifying "parties for his kids"

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by dddanny2006 » Mon Mar 10, 2014 9:28 am
Yes Patrick,I did misunderstand it a bit.Actually Veritas says that Relative clauses should modify the nouns preceding the Relative pronoun.'That' is the only relative pronoun clause that can modify a noun that is far from the relative clause.This got me confused.Patrick,can you also tell me if byhearting idioms is necesary to do well on SC?There are so many in the Manhattan SC gu
Patrick_GMATFix wrote:Daniel,

You misread my original post. At no time did I write that the relative pronoun (which/that) modifies an action. I said it modifies the noun before the comma or the noun phrase before the comma.
It rained yesterday, which forced the organizers to cancel the event
What is "which" supposed to modify? Since "yesterday" is not the answer, and there is no other possible target, this is a modification error. "which" cannot modify "rained" or any other action. It modifies nouns (or noun phrases such as "yesterday's paper")
John held parties for his kids that featured clowns,numerous exotic animals,and lots of food.
In this sentence, "that" is not modifying "held parties" as you suggested; it cannot modify an action. Please have another look at my previous post. "that" is modifying "parties for his kids"

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by Patrick_GMATFix » Mon Mar 10, 2014 8:32 pm
Patrick,can you also tell me if by hearting idioms is necessary to do well on SC?
It may not be necessary, but it's helpful. That knowledge will be another tool in your belt; it won't hurt to have it.
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