Three basic situations have been listed below.
Here, the past participle (listed) serves as a part of a present perfect verb (have been listed).
The intent is to express an ACTION that has been performed upon the subject.
What ACTION has been performed upon three basic situations?
They HAVE BEEN LISTED below.
Three basic situations are listed below.
Here, the past participle (listed) seems to serve not as a verb but as an ADJECTIVE describing the subject (situations).
The intent is to express the NATURE of the subject.
What KIND of situations?
Situations LISTED BELOW.
Pictures of the house have been attached to this report.
Here, the past participle (attached) serves as a part of a present perfect verb (have been attached).
The intent is to express an ACTION that has been performed upon the subject.
What ACTION has been performed upon pictures of the house?
They HAVE BEEN ATTACHED to this report.
Pictures of the house are attached to this report.
Here, the past participle (attached) seems to serve not as a verb but as an ADJECTIVE describing the subject (pictures).
The intent is to express the NATURE of the subject.
What KIND of pictures?
Pictures ATTACHED TO THIS REPORT.
The A sentences emphasize the ACTION that has been performed upon the subject.
The B sentences emphasize the NATURE of the subject.
Both versions are fine.
For the purposes of the GMAT, any difference in meaning is irrelevant.
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