What is the value of (p^4-q^4)

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by anuprajan5 » Wed Oct 24, 2012 10:36 pm
The answer is C

Question rephrased - What is (p^2-q^2)*(p^2+q^2)

Statement 1 - We have p^2-q^2. But do not know anything about p^2+q^2. Insufficient.

Statement 2 - We have p+q. But we know nothing about 2pq or p^2-q^2 because this can be changed into (p^2-q^2)*((p+q)^2 - 2pq)

Combined, we have p^2-q^2 and p+q. We can find p-q as 2 and then solve for p and q as 33 and 31 respectively.

Then we can solve for p^4-q^4
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by Brent@GMATPrepNow » Thu Oct 25, 2012 6:07 am
[email protected] wrote: What is the value of p^4 - q^4?
1) p^2-q^2=128
2) p+q = 64
Target question: What is the value of p^4 - q^4?
Notice that p^4 - q^4 can be factored as (p^2 + q^2)(p^2 - q^2)

So, we can rephrase the target question as: What is the value of (p^2 + q^2)(p^2 - q^2)?

Statement 1: p^2 - q^2 = 128
Is this enough information to find the value of (p^2 + q^2)(p^2 - q^2)?
No, we're still missing the value of (p^2 + q^2)
Since we cannot answer the target question with certainty, statement 1 is NOT SUFFICIENT

Statement 2: p+q = 64
Notice that we can take the target expression, (p^2 + q^2)(p^2 - q^2), and factor it further to get (p^2 + q^2)(p + q)(p - q)
So, we now know the value of (p + q), but we're still missing the values of (p^2 + q^2) and (p - q)
Since we cannot answer the target question with certainty, statement 2 is NOT SUFFICIENT

Statements 1 and 2 combined:
Statement 1 says that p^2 - q^2 = 128
If we factor this, we get (p + q)(p - q) = 128

Statement 2 says that p + q = 64
So, when we take the first equation plug 64 in for (p +q), we get (2)(p - q) = 128
So, p - q must equal 2

At this point, we know that:
p + q = 64
p - q = 2

Since, we could solve this equation for p and for q, we could then use those values to find the definitive value of p^4 - q^4.
Since we can now answer the target question with certainty, the combined statements are SUFFICIENT

Answer = C

Cheers,
Brent
Brent Hanneson - Creator of GMATPrepNow.com
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