Sentence Correction

Hello forum,

I am facing some difficulties with Parallelism. Right now, I am working through the MGMAT Sentence Correction book and today I did their recommended OG problems for Parallelism.

So far, I still do not understand the following problems even though OG provides a solution which I read.

For example question No. 14:
The solution says, that the adjective visible is parallel to the past participle sighted. How can that be? How can a adjective be parallel to a past participle? In this case I do not understand the meaning of "being parallel". Can somebody please explain this?

Next problem I have is with question No. 26:
As this problem was recommended by the MGMAT book chapter "Parallelism", I tried to spot the parallelism but could not find it. Can you please help? Where is it and how do you find it? Is there a marker in the question!?

Question No. 42:
My question on this question is similar to No. 14. The solution tells me that the present participle "extending" is parallel to the past participle "spawned". How is that possible? For me, a present participle is not equal a past participle! But apparently it is and that confuses me. Even though they are not the same, they can still be parallel? If so, how can somebody then say which words or phrases need to be parallel in future questions?

Question No. 52: (please see next post)
Here the right solution is D. But I wonder why it is not B!? Answer D says that "Josephine Barker made Paris her home" but in the original sentence it was mentioned that "Paris was her home". For me, both phrases are not equal in their meaning. Am I right? (Apparently not....but I am still asking why..)


Any input is greatly appreciated. I still struggle a lot with the GMAT although I have studied for several months now.