The late nineteenth century brought the impressionist movement, which saw artists experimenting with color, moving from the studio to the outdoors, and initially endured heavy criticism from the public.

a) endured
b) it endured
c) enduring
d) would endure
e) it had endured

OA: C

The answer is pretty straight forward as soon as you know the noun it refers to. I was misled because I thought: The late nineteenth century brought the movement and initially endured heavy criticism from the public.
I am no natvie speaker, but can't the movement get criticism from the public?

I'd say so, for example the "movement" in northern Africa right now could get criticized by some people.

Please help me out here