Divisibilty question

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by Brent@GMATPrepNow » Sun Oct 13, 2013 7:43 pm
rakeshd347 wrote:Is x² − y² divisible by 8?

(1) x and y are even integers.
(2) x+y is divisible by 8.
Target question: Is x² − y² divisible by 8?

Statement 1: x and y are even integers.
There are several values of x and y that satisfy this condition. Here are two:
Case a: x = 4 and y = 0, in which case x² − y² is divisible by 8
Case b: x = 4 and y = 2, in which case x² − y² is not divisible by 8
Since we cannot answer the target question with certainty, statement 1 is NOT SUFFICIENT

Statement 2: x+y is divisible by 8.
There are several values of x and y that satisfy this condition. Here are two:
Case a: x = 6 and y = 2, in which case x² − y² is divisible by 8
Case b: x = 7.9 and y = 0.1, in which case x² − y² is not divisible by 8
Since we cannot answer the target question with certainty, statement 2 is NOT SUFFICIENT

Statements 1 and 2 combined
Notice that we can take the expression in the target question, x² − y², and factor it to get (x+y)(x-y)
If x and y are integers, we know that (x+y) and (x-y) are both integers.
If x+y is divisible by 8, then (x+y)(x-y) is divisible by 8
In other words, x² − y² is definitely divisible by 8
Since we can answer the target question with certainty, the combined statements are SUFFICIENT

Answer = C

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by abhi.iitb » Tue Oct 15, 2013 3:44 am
Hello Brent,
I think the answer for this Q is B, since x+ y is always a factor of x2-y2 so statement B is sufficient to answer this question. Infact, case b in statement 2 is divisible by 8 if we actually perform the calculation.

Please tell me if I am missing anything here.

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by Brent@GMATPrepNow » Tue Oct 15, 2013 7:10 am
abhi.iitb wrote:Hello Brent,
I think the answer for this Q is B, since x+ y is always a factor of x2-y2 so statement B is sufficient to answer this question. Infact, case b in statement 2 is divisible by 8 if we actually perform the calculation.

Please tell me if I am missing anything here.

Abhishek
To be honest, I first thought the correct answer was B, but then I realized that I had assumed that x and y are integers. If x and y are not necessarily integers, then statement B is not sufficient.

Case b: x = 7.9 and y = 0.1
Here, x² - y² = 62.4
62.4 is not divisible by 8

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by kuzzden » Tue Oct 15, 2013 9:35 pm
Case b: x = 7.9 and y = 0.1
Here, x² - y² = 62.4

We may say that 62.4 is divisible by 8, but the answer is not an integer, since there is no requirement that either x or y or both be integers

So ans is B. Or am I missing smth?
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by riz_gmat » Wed Oct 16, 2013 12:34 am
kuzzden wrote:Case b: x = 7.9 and y = 0.1
Here, x² - y² = 62.4

We may say that 62.4 is divisible by 8, but the answer is not an integer, since there is no requirement that either x or y or both be integers

So ans is B. Or am I missing smth?
Divisible by 8 means answer should be integer. Here, answer is not an integer!

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by abhi.iitb » Wed Oct 16, 2013 3:09 am
I totally agree with Kuzzden,
@riz_gmat: I believe divisibility by 8 means that we get terminating no if we divide 62.4 with 8 which is the case here. Suppose we had 62.5 instead of 62.4 then we would have said that number is not divisible by 8 since the dividend comes out to be non-terminating.

Experts, seek your guidance on this concept.

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by rakeshd347 » Wed Oct 16, 2013 3:17 am
abhi.iitb wrote:I totally agree with Kuzzden,
@riz_gmat: I believe divisibility by 8 means that we get terminating no if we divide 62.4 with 8 which is the case here. Suppose we had 62.5 instead of 62.4 then we would have said that number is not divisible by 8 since the dividend comes out to be non-terminating.

Experts, seek your guidance on this concept.
This is a tricky question and the trap answer is crafted nicely. If you don't give due care to whether x and y are integer you will definitely get it wrong. I initially though x+y is divisible by 8 done bang. Then thought it can't be so easy let me think and then came across this trap.

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by riz_gmat » Thu Oct 17, 2013 2:22 am
abhi.iitb wrote:I totally agree with Kuzzden,
@riz_gmat: I believe divisibility by 8 means that we get terminating no if we divide 62.4 with 8 which is the case here. Suppose we had 62.5 instead of 62.4 then we would have said that number is not divisible by 8 since the dividend comes out to be non-terminating.

Experts, seek your guidance on this concept.

According to my knowledge, When GMAT asks whether x is divisible y, they mean "when x is divided by y the remainder is zero" . In this case we have decimal point in our ans, and we use decimal point while dividing, when we have a non zero remainder.

Experts, kindly clarify!

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by theCodeToGMAT » Thu Oct 17, 2013 3:53 am
riz_gmat wrote:
abhi.iitb wrote:I totally agree with Kuzzden,
@riz_gmat: I believe divisibility by 8 means that we get terminating no if we divide 62.4 with 8 which is the case here. Suppose we had 62.5 instead of 62.4 then we would have said that number is not divisible by 8 since the dividend comes out to be non-terminating.

Experts, seek your guidance on this concept.

According to my knowledge, When GMAT asks whether x is divisible y, they mean "when x is divided by y the remainder is zero" . In this case we have decimal point in our ans, and we use decimal point while dividing, when we have a non zero remainder.

Experts, kindly clarify!
I agree with you "riz_gmat" .. if we go on dividing into decimals than nearly all numbers are divisible to every other number; we must restrict to Quotient Integer
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by Brent@GMATPrepNow » Thu Oct 17, 2013 5:59 am
abhi.iitb wrote:I totally agree with Kuzzden,
@riz_gmat: I believe divisibility by 8 means that we get terminating no if we divide 62.4 with 8 which is the case here. Suppose we had 62.5 instead of 62.4 then we would have said that number is not divisible by 8 since the dividend comes out to be non-terminating.

Experts, seek your guidance on this concept.
If we divide any terminating decimal by 8, the result (quotient) will always be terminating.

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by Brent@GMATPrepNow » Thu Oct 17, 2013 6:07 am
riz_gmat wrote:
abhi.iitb wrote:I totally agree with Kuzzden,
@riz_gmat: I believe divisibility by 8 means that we get terminating no if we divide 62.4 with 8 which is the case here. Suppose we had 62.5 instead of 62.4 then we would have said that number is not divisible by 8 since the dividend comes out to be non-terminating.

Experts, seek your guidance on this concept.

According to my knowledge, When GMAT asks whether x is divisible y, they mean "when x is divided by y the remainder is zero" . In this case we have decimal point in our ans, and we use decimal point while dividing, when we have a non zero remainder.

Experts, kindly clarify!
You'll find that most (if not all) GMAT divisibility questions involve integers.
In fact, the OG defines divisibility (divisors) as follows:
If x and y are integers and x ≠ 0, then x is a divisor (factor) of y provided that y = xn for some integer n.

So, you won't be asked whether some non-integer is divisible by an integer.

Given all of this, I'd say that it's unlikely that this could ever be an official GMAT question.

Cheers,
Brent
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by rakeshd347 » Fri Oct 18, 2013 4:37 am
Brent@GMATPrepNow wrote:
riz_gmat wrote:
abhi.iitb wrote:I totally agree with Kuzzden,
@riz_gmat: I believe divisibility by 8 means that we get terminating no if we divide 62.4 with 8 which is the case here. Suppose we had 62.5 instead of 62.4 then we would have said that number is not divisible by 8 since the dividend comes out to be non-terminating.

Experts, seek your guidance on this concept.

According to my knowledge, When GMAT asks whether x is divisible y, they mean "when x is divided by y the remainder is zero" . In this case we have decimal point in our ans, and we use decimal point while dividing, when we have a non zero remainder.

Experts, kindly clarify!
You'll find that most (if not all) GMAT divisibility questions involve integers.
In fact, the OG defines divisibility (divisors) as follows:
If x and y are integers and x ≠ 0, then x is a divisor (factor) of y provided that y = xn for some integer n.

So, you won't be asked whether some non-integer is divisible by an integer.

Given all of this, I'd say that it's unlikely that this could ever be an official GMAT question.

Cheers,
Brent
I agree with Brent that it not likely to an gmat question. However, it is a good question to gain knowledge and some take away from this. Don't assume numbers integer until unless it is mentioned.