The first trenches

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The first trenches

by abcgmat » Fri Apr 20, 2012 1:15 am

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The first trenches cut into a 500-acre site at Tell Hamoukar, Syria, have yielded strong evidence for centrally administered complex societies in northern regions of the Middle East that were arising simultaneously with but independently of the more celebrated city-states of southern Mesopotamia, in what is now southern Iraq.
A. cut into a 500-acre site at Tell Hamoukar, Syria, have yielded strong evidence for centrally administered complex societies in northern regions of the Middle East that were arising simultaneously with but
B. cut into a 500-acre site at Tell Hamoukar, Syria, have yielded strong evidence that centrally administered complex societies in northern regions of the Middle East arose simultaneously but
C. cut into a 500-acre site at Tell Hamoukar, Syria, have yielded strong evidence that centrally administered complex societies in northern regions of the Middle East were arising simultaneously but
D. cut into a 500-acre site at Tell Hamoukar, Syria, have yielded strong evidence of centrally administered complex societies in northern regions of the Middle East arising simultaneously but
E. cut into a 500-acre site at Tell Hamoukar, Syria, have yielded strong evidence that centrally administered complex societies in northern regions of the Middle East arose simultaneously with but

[spoiler]OA: E[/spoiler]
Would like to know whats wrong with D other the missing preposition 'with'
Also I have a confusion regarding usage of: evidence of Y arising ( X of Y + verbing )
1. X of Y + verbing - does verbing modify X or Y or it can modify either depending on context

2. I remember for: X of Y , including -- ing refers to main Noun X not not to Y
(https://www.manhattangmat.com/forums/con ... 22-15.html)
Last edited by abcgmat on Sat Apr 21, 2012 3:58 am, edited 2 times in total.
Source: — Sentence Correction |

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by abcgmat » Fri Apr 20, 2012 1:26 am

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e.g. There is no evidence of my brother stealing money -- is Incorrect
but would like to know why?

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by GMATGuruNY » Fri Apr 20, 2012 4:43 am

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abcgmat wrote:e.g. There is no evidence of my brother stealing money -- is Incorrect
but would like to know why?
In the sentence above, stealing is an ADJECTIVE modifying my brother.
An adjective (stealing) cannot serve as the object of a preposition (of).
Thus, while the intended meaning is that there is no evidence of the STEALING, the sentence above says that there is no evidence of MY BROTHER.

In the SC above, D has a related issue:

The first trenches cut have yielded strong evidence of societies arising...

VERBing generally implies CONTEMPORANEOUS ACTION: an action happening at the same time as the primary action.
Thus, D implies that the societies have been ARISING at the same time as the trenches HAVE YIELDED evidence.
Not the intended meaning.
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by abcgmat » Fri Apr 20, 2012 4:58 am

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Thanks GMATGuruNY.
Nicely explained.

Is it always that when we have 'X of Y verb+ing'

Verbing modifies y and not X(in this example: societies and not evidence)
or in example: There is no evidence of my brother stealing award.(stealing modifies brother and not evidence)

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by ollapodrida » Fri Apr 20, 2012 5:55 am

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abcgmat: Is this an official question? I noticed that in some of the answer choices you altered the non-underlined portion of the sentence. Can you please edit your original post to fully capture the portion of the sentence that was underlined? I also thought that only the underlined portion could change between answer choices, but that doesn't appear to be the case here?

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by GMATGuruNY » Fri Apr 20, 2012 10:28 am

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abcgmat wrote:Thanks GMATGuruNY.
Nicely explained.

Is it always that when we have 'X of Y verb+ing'

Verbing modifies y and not X(in this example: societies and not evidence)
or in example: There is no evidence of my brother stealing award.(stealing modifies brother and not evidence)
If we see PREPOSITION + NOUN + VERBing, the preposition generally will refer not to the VERBing but to the NOUN.
To illustrate:

Mary was startled by a man running the down the street.

Here, Mary was startled not by the running but by the MAN.
Running is an adjective describing the man.
Since the object of a preposition must be a NOUN, by refers to the MAN.

If we see PREPOSITION + POSSESSIVE + VERBing, the preposition generally will refer to the VERBing.
To illustrate:

Mary was impressed by John's dancing.

Here, Mary was impressed not by John's but by his DANCING.
The noun in this case is DANCING.
John's -- a possessive construction -- is an ADJECTIVE describing the dancing.
Since the object of a preposition must be a NOUN, by refers to dancing.
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by abcgmat » Sat Apr 21, 2012 4:00 am

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GMATGuruNY,

Thank you for explaining in detail

ollapodrida,

I have edited the underlined part

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by ice_rush » Sat Apr 28, 2012 11:52 am

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is this an official problem? I've seen a different version of the same problem.

I was able to narrow down between (B) and (E). Can someone please explain what's wrong with (B)?


Thanks

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by abcgmat » Sat Apr 28, 2012 12:02 pm

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The first trenches cut into a 500-acre site at Tell Hamoukar, Syria, have yielded strong evidence for centrally administered complex societies in northern regions of the Middle East that were arising simultaneously with but independently of the more celebrated city-states of southern Mesopotamia, in what is now southern Iraq.

B. cut into a 500-acre site at Tell Hamoukar, Syria, have yielded strong evidence that centrally administered complex societies in northern regions of the Middle East arose simultaneously but

E. cut into a 500-acre site at Tell Hamoukar, Syria, have yielded strong evidence that centrally administered complex societies in northern regions of the Middle East arose simultaneously with but

The only difference between B amd E is the use of 'with' in Option E.

In the non underlined part : we have 'independently of' [preposition: of]
so to make to it parallel we need ' simultaneously with'

E: Syria, have yielded strong evidence that centrally administered complex societies in northern regions of the Middle East arose simultaneously with the more celebrated city-states of southern Mesopotamia, in what is now southern Iraq.

--without 'with' the sentence would not be complete

but centrally administered complex societies in northern regions of the Middle East arose independently of the more celebrated city-states of southern Mesopotamia, in what is now southern Iraq.

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by ice_rush » Sat Apr 28, 2012 1:56 pm

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thanks for the reply. Is this an official problem?

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