Series A(n)

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Source: — Data Sufficiency |

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by rijul007 » Mon Dec 12, 2011 10:44 pm
satishchandra wrote:If series A(n) is such that A(n) = A(n-1)/n, how many elements of the series are larger than 1/2?

(1) A(2) = 5
(2) A(1)-A(2) = 5

Statement 1
A(2) = 5
A(1)/2 = 5
A(1) = 10
A(3) = 5/3 > 1/2
A(4) = 5/12 <1/2

3 elements are larger than 1/2
Sufficient

Statement 2
A(1) - A(2) = 5
A(1) - A(1)/2 = 5
A(1) = 10
The series would be same as that in Statement 1
Sufficient

Option D

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by chufus » Mon Dec 12, 2011 10:48 pm
is n a positive integer ?

If so then the answer is 3 and it can be proved via both hence "D"

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by rijul007 » Mon Dec 12, 2011 10:56 pm
chufus wrote:is n a positive integer ?

If so then the answer is 3 and it can be proved via both hence "D"
n represents the nth term in the series A(n)
so it has to be a +ve integer

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by sjarry » Tue Dec 13, 2011 6:13 am
can you please explain

Statement 1
A(2) = 5
A(1)/2 = 5
A(1) = 10
A(3) = 5/3 > 1/2
A(4) = 5/12 <1/2

thank you

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by rijul007 » Tue Dec 13, 2011 6:50 am
sjarry wrote:can you please explain

Statement 1
A(2) = 5
A(1)/2 = 5
A(1) = 10
A(3) = 5/3 > 1/2
A(4) = 5/12 <1/2

thank you
We know that
A(n) = A(n-1)/n
If n=2
A(2) = A(1)/2
5 = A(1)/2
A(1) = 10

A(3) = A(2)/3 = 5/3 (which is greater than 1/2)
A(4) = A(3)/4 = 5/12 (less than 1/2)

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by satishchandra » Tue Dec 13, 2011 9:11 pm
chufus wrote:is n a positive integer ?
'n' is not necessarily a possitive integer. Infact, 'n' is not defined in the question at all.
In my opition, there can be three possibilities.
I)'n' is a possitive integer
Yes ans is 'D'. I agree with the solutions provided by rijul007

II)'n' is an integer
A(1) = A(0)/1 = 10 ==> A(0) = 10
A(0) = A(-1)/0 = 10 ==> A(-1) = 0
A(-1) = A(-2)/(-1)= 0 ==> A(-2) = 0
Similarly A(-3), A(-4) .... all become equal to zero
Here, no. of elements in the series larger than 1/2 = 4
Answer 'D'
III)'n' is a real number
We can not define A(0.5) or A(1.7) etc.
We can not predict no. of elements in the series larger than 1/2
Answer in this case will be 'E'

I suspect the question is not framed at its best as the definition of 'n' is not clear.

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by GmatMathPro » Tue Dec 13, 2011 10:00 pm
satishchandra wrote:If series A(n) is such that A(n) = A(n-1)/n, how many elements of the series are larger than 1/2?

(1) A(2) = 5
(2) A(1)-A(2) = 5
I think this problem stinks.

For one thing, A(n) is clearly supposed to be a recursively defined sequence, not a series. A series is the sum of the terms in a sequence; a sequence is, informally, a list of numbers. Maybe it doesn't seem like a big deal, but I'd have a hard time taking this source seriously if the writers can't be bothered to use correct terminology.

For another thing, this is a very poorly defined recursive sequence. The question provides no base case and does not explicitly say for which values of n the rule is applicable. So, when we look at statement 1, which says A(2)=5, we plug this in to the formula to get A(1)=10. Now, the existence of A(1) implies the existence of A(0) because we're told that A(n)=A(n-1)/n for the elements of this sequence, so we can say 10=A(0)/1, or A(0)=10. But the existence of A(0) is troubling, because if we plug THAT into the formula we get A(0)=A(-1)/0, which is undefined. So everything ultimately rests on something that's undefined.

To head off all this nonsense we need a statement that accompanies the rule such as "A(n)=A(n-1)/n for integers n>=1" or "n>=2". If the writers intended the former, then the starting term is A(0) and the sequence goes A0,A1,A2,A3,A4,...=10,10,5,5/3,5/12,... and there are 4 terms greater than 1/2. If they mean the latter, then the starting term is A1, and the sequence goes A1,A2,A3,A4,...=10,5,5/3,5/12,..., and there are 3 terms greater than 1/2.

So maybe all this is because the answer is E. However, I really don't think this kind of ambiguous ill-defined crap is the kind of thing GMAT questions are really supposed to be about. Plus, I'm told the OA is D.

So in conclusion, I would throw this source directly in the garbage can.
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by satishchandra » Thu Dec 15, 2011 9:34 am
Thank you mathpro
Very good explanation