Is 10^m < 5,000?

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Is 10^m < 5,000?

by Gmat_mission » Fri May 25, 2018 12:49 am

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$$Is\ \ \ 10^m<5,000?$$ $$(1)\ \ \ 10^{m+1}>9,000$$ $$(2)\ \ \ \ 10^{m-1}=10^m-900$$ [spoiler]OA=B[/spoiler].

Could someone explain how to solve this DS question to me? Thanks for your help.
Source: — Data Sufficiency |

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by Vincen » Fri May 25, 2018 1:44 am

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Gmat_mission wrote:$$Is\ \ \ 10^m<5,000?$$ $$(1)\ \ \ 10^{m+1}>9,000$$ $$(2)\ \ \ \ 10^{m-1}=10^m-900$$ [spoiler]OA=B[/spoiler].

Could someone explain how to solve this DS question to me? Thanks for your help.
Hello Gmat_mission.

Let's take a look at your question.

Note that we don't know if m is an integer (positive or negative) or not. But, we will assume that m is an integer.
$$(1)\ \ \ 10^{m+1}>9,000$$
We can rewrite this expression and find the possible values for m. $$10^{m+1}>9000\ \ \ \Rightarrow\ \ \ 10^m\cdot10>9000\ \ \ \Rightarrow\ \ 10^m>900\ \ \ \Rightarrow\ \ m\ge3.$$

If m=3 then 10^3=1,000<5,000. YES.
If m=4 then 10^4=10,000>5,000. NO.

Since we've got two different answers, then this statement is NOT SUFFICIENT.
$$(2)\ \ \ \ 10^{m-1}=10^m-900$$
Again, we can solve the inequality for m as follows: $$10^{m-1}=10^m-900\ \ \Rightarrow\ \ 10^m\cdot10^{-1}-10^m=-900\ \ \Rightarrow\ \ 10^m\left(\frac{1}{10}-1\right)=-900\ \ \ \Rightarrow\ 10^m\left(-\frac{9}{10}\right)=-900$$ $$10^m=1000\ <5000.\ \ \ YES.$$ Therefore, this statement is SUFFICIENT.

The correct answer is the option B.

I hope it helps.

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by Jeff@TargetTestPrep » Tue May 29, 2018 4:53 pm

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Gmat_mission wrote:$$Is\ \ \ 10^m<5,000?$$ $$(1)\ \ \ 10^{m+1}>9,000$$ $$(2)\ \ \ \ 10^{m-1}=10^m-900$$ [spoiler]OA=B[/spoiler].
Statement One Alone:

10^(m+1) > 9,000

Simplifying we have:

10^m x 10 > 9000

10^m > 900

Though we know that 10^m is greater than 900, we don't know whether it's less than 5,000.

Statement Two Alone:

10^(m - 1) = 10^m - 900

900 = 10^m - 10^(m - 1)

900 = 10^(m - 1) (10 - 1)

900 = 10^(m - 1) (9)

100 = 10^(m - 1)

10^m = 1000

Since 10^m = 1,000, it's less than 5,000.

Answer: B

Jeffrey Miller
Head of GMAT Instruction
[email protected]

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