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sc-q10 in 11 edition

by hintel » Sat Nov 17, 2012 2:20 am
Could anyone help me on this:

Unlike the United States, Japanese unions appear reluctant to organize lower-paid workers.
(A) Unlike the United States, Japanese unions appear reluctant to organize
(B) Unlike those in the United States, Japanese unions appear reluctant to organize
(C) In Japan, unlike the United States, unions appear reluctant to organize
(D) Japanese unions, unlike the United States, appear reluctant to organize
(E) Japanese unions, unlike those in the United States, appear reluctant about organizing


in B, Those may refere to the japanese unions inside US or unions inside US so ambiguity is there
How can it is better than C'which can mean
unions appear reluctant to organize in Japan, unlike the United States.
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by GMATGuruNY » Sat Nov 17, 2012 3:55 am
hintel wrote:Could anyone help me on this:

Unlike the United States, Japanese unions appear reluctant to organize lower-paid workers.
(A) Unlike the United States, Japanese unions appear reluctant to organize
(B) Unlike those in the United States, Japanese unions appear reluctant to organize
(C) In Japan, unlike the United States, unions appear reluctant to organize
(D) Japanese unions, unlike the United States, appear reluctant to organize
(E) Japanese unions, unlike those in the United States, appear reluctant about organizing


in B, Those may refere to the japanese unions inside US or unions inside US so ambiguity is there
How can it is better than C'which can mean
unions appear reluctant to organize in Japan, unlike the United States.
In A and D, Japanese unions are illogically compared to the United States. Eliminate A and D.

In E, reluctant about is unidiomatic. The correct idiom is X is reluctant TO + VERB.

C implies that Japan -- the country itself -- is unlike the United States. The intended meaning here is to compare not the two COUNTRIES but the UNIONS in each country. Eliminate C.

The correct answer is B.
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by hintel » Sat Nov 17, 2012 4:21 am
Thanks for your reply.

Could you clarify me:

How are we sure that, THOSE in choice B refer to
US unions in US or Japanese unions in side US ?

Our intention is to compare US unions and Jap' unions but at the same time B can give an interpretation like comparing Jap' unions inside US and Jap' unions.
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by GMATGuruNY » Sat Nov 17, 2012 5:02 am
hintel wrote:Thanks for your reply.

Could you clarify me:

How are we sure that, THOSE in choice B refer to
US unions in US or Japanese unions in side US ?

Our intention is to compare US unions and Jap' unions but at the same time B can give an interpretation like comparing Jap' unions inside US and Jap' unions.
Such an interpretation would require that Japanese refer not to the LOCATION of the unions (that they are in Japan) but to their COMPOSITION (that their members are of Japanese descent).
The result would be a nonsensical comparison:
Unlike UNIONS-COMPOSED-OF-JAPANESE-PEOPLE in the United States, UNIONS-COMPOSED-OF-JAPANESE-PEOPLE appear reluctant to organize.
The intended meaning is made clear by the ordering of the modifiers: since in the United States comes first, we can construe that Japanese refers not to the composition of the unions but to their LOCATION.
Thus, we know that unions IN JAPAN are being compared to those IN THE UNITED STATES.
One issue here is that the United States lacks an adjective form.
While we can say JAPANESE unions to refer to unions in Japan, we must say unions IN THE UNITED STATES to refer to unions in the latter country.
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