Suppose the senior partners are named A, B, C, and D and the junior partners are U, V, W, X, Y, and Z. For scenario 1 (one senior and two juniors) the group {A, U, X}, for example, is equivalent to the group {A, X, U}... each such grouping will have an additional equivalent grouping, so you must divide by 2 (or, equivalently by 2!) to account for the double counting.
In scenario 3 (three seniors), it's a bit more complicated because there are 3! or 6 ways to order each unique group of 3 partners. So you divide by 3!.
What's critical here is that you're dealing with combinations (order of selection doesn't matter), not permutations (where order does matter). The formula for combinations is nCr = n!/[r!(n-r)!]. Consider it this way:
Scenario 1 (1 senior partner and 2 junior partners)
Senior partner: 4C1 = 4!/(1!*3!) = 4
Junior partners: 6C2 = 6!/(2!*4!) = 15
4*15=60
Scenario 2 (2 senior partners and 1 junior partner)
Senior partner: 4C2 = 4!/(2!*2!) = 6
Junior partners: 6C1 = 6!/(1!*5!) = 6
6*6=36
Scenario 3 (3 senior partners)
4C3 = 4!/(3!*1!) = 4
Add 'em up to get 100.
Rey
Rey Fernandez
Instructor
Manhattan GMAT