Algebra

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Algebra

by saidov.mikhail » Thu Jul 04, 2013 2:06 am
John and Mary were each paid x dollars in advance to do a certain job together. John worked on the job for 10 hours and Mary worked 2 hours less than John. If Mary gave John y dollars of her payment so that they would have received the same hourly wage, what was the dollar amount, in terms of y, that John was paid in advance?
(A) 4y
(B) 5y
(C) 6y
(D) 8y
(E) 9y
Source: — Problem Solving |

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by ganeshrkamath » Thu Jul 04, 2013 2:47 am
saidov.mikhail wrote:John and Mary were each paid x dollars in advance to do a certain job together. John worked on the job for 10 hours and Mary worked 2 hours less than John. If Mary gave John y dollars of her payment so that they would have received the same hourly wage, what was the dollar amount, in terms of y, that John was paid in advance?
(A) 4y
(B) 5y
(C) 6y
(D) 8y
(E) 9y
(E) 9y

John's wages for 10 hours = x + y
Mary's wages for 8 hours = x - y
On solving,
x = 9/hour
y = 1/hour
So x = 9y

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by GMATGuruNY » Thu Jul 04, 2013 4:20 am
saidov.mikhail wrote:John and Mary were each paid x dollars in advance to do a certain job together. John worked on the job for 10 hours and Mary worked 2 hours less than John. If Mary gave John y dollars of her payment so that they would have received the same hourly wage, what was the dollar amount, in terms of y, that John was paid in advance?
(A) 4y
(B) 5y
(C) 6y
(D) 8y
(E) 9y
Let the hourly wage = $1 per hour.

Since John works 10 hours, his earnings = 10*1 = $10.
Since Mary works 8 hours, her earnings = 8*1 = $8.
Total earnings = 10+8 = $18.

Since John and Mary were each paid the same amount in advance, the amount that each was paid in advance = 18/2 = $9.
Since Mary was paid $9 in advance but earns only $8, the amount that she gives John = y = $1.

The question stem asks for the amount that each was paid in advance: $9.
Plug y=1 into the answer choices to see which yields $9.
Only E works:
9y = 9*1 = 9.

The correct answer is E.
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by saidov.mikhail » Thu Jul 04, 2013 4:45 am
ganeshrkamath wrote:
saidov.mikhail wrote:John and Mary were each paid x dollars in advance to do a certain job together. John worked on the job for 10 hours and Mary worked 2 hours less than John. If Mary gave John y dollars of her payment so that they would have received the same hourly wage, what was the dollar amount, in terms of y, that John was paid in advance?
(A) 4y
(B) 5y
(C) 6y
(D) 8y
(E) 9y
(E) 9y

John's wages for 10 hours = x + y
Mary's wages for 8 hours = x - y
On solving,
x = 9/hour
y = 1/hour
So x = 9y
I have other approach. Together John and Mary worked for 18 hours and together were paid 2x dollars. So their hourly wage is 1/9x. Since y is the difference between x and amount that John received in the end, to get y we can substract x from 1/9x multiplied by 10 hours: x - 10/9x = 1/9x. So y = 1/9x => x=9y

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by Brent@GMATPrepNow » Thu Jul 04, 2013 6:42 am
saidov.mikhail wrote:John and Mary were each paid x dollars in advance to do a certain job together. John worked on the job for 10 hours and Mary worked 2 hours less than John. If Mary gave John y dollars of her payment so that they would have received the same hourly wage, what was the dollar amount, in terms of y, that John was paid in advance?
(A) 4y
(B) 5y
(C) 6y
(D) 8y
(E) 9y
One more approach:

Salary
John's net salary was x + y dollars (because Mary gave John y dollars)
Mary's net salary was x - y dollars

Hours worked
John worked 10 hours
Mary worked 8 hours

In the end, John and Mary received the same hourly wage.
So, John's hourly wage = Mary's hourly wage
Hourly wage = (total salary)/(hours worked)
(x + y)/10 = (x - y)/8

In terms of y, that John was paid in advance?
In other words, what is the value of x (in terms of y)
So, we'll solve our equation for x.

Take (x + y)/10 = (x - y)/8 and cross multiply to get:
10(x - y) = 8(x + y)
Expand: 10x - 10y = 8x + 8y
Rearrange: 2x = 18y
Divide by 2: x = 9y
So, John's advance payment = [spoiler]x = 9y = E[/spoiler]

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by gmattesttaker2 » Thu Apr 24, 2014 8:02 am
Brent@GMATPrepNow wrote:
saidov.mikhail wrote:John and Mary were each paid x dollars in advance to do a certain job together. John worked on the job for 10 hours and Mary worked 2 hours less than John. If Mary gave John y dollars of her payment so that they would have received the same hourly wage, what was the dollar amount, in terms of y, that John was paid in advance?
(A) 4y
(B) 5y
(C) 6y
(D) 8y
(E) 9y
One more approach:

Salary
John's net salary was x + y dollars (because Mary gave John y dollars)
Mary's net salary was x - y dollars

Hours worked
John worked 10 hours
Mary worked 8 hours

In the end, John and Mary received the same hourly wage.
So, John's hourly wage = Mary's hourly wage
Hourly wage = (total salary)/(hours worked)
(x + y)/10 = (x - y)/8

In terms of y, that John was paid in advance?
In other words, what is the value of x (in terms of y)
So, we'll solve our equation for x.

Take (x + y)/10 = (x - y)/8 and cross multiply to get:
10(x - y) = 8(x + y)
Expand: 10x - 10y = 8x + 8y
Rearrange: 2x = 18y
Divide by 2: x = 9y
So, John's advance payment = [spoiler]x = 9y = E[/spoiler]

Cheers,
Brent

Hello Brent,

I was wondering if you can please tell me where I am going wrong here:

Since John was paid x dollars and he worked for 10 hours, for 1 hour he was paid x/10 dollars
Since Mary was paid x dollars and she worked for 8 hours, for 1 hour she was paid x/8 dollars

Mary then gave John y dollars so that their hourly wages are the same i.e.

x/8 = x/10 + y

=> x/8 - x/10 = y

On solving, x = 40y


I think I am going wrong when I take, x/8 = x/10 + y

Can you please assist with this? Thanks a lot for all your help.

Best Regards,
Sri

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by Brent@GMATPrepNow » Thu Apr 24, 2014 10:22 am
gmattesttaker2 wrote: I was wondering if you can please tell me where I am going wrong here:

Since John was paid x dollars and he worked for 10 hours, for 1 hour he was paid x/10 dollars
Since Mary was paid x dollars and she worked for 8 hours, for 1 hour she was paid x/8 dollars

Mary then gave John y dollars so that their hourly wages are the same i.e.

x/8 = x/10 + y

=> x/8 - x/10 = y

On solving, x = 40y


I think I am going wrong when I take, x/8 = x/10 + y

Can you please assist with this? Thanks a lot for all your help.

Best Regards,
Sri
The problem starts with the part highlighted above in blue.

You have x/8 = x/10 + y
First, x/8 does not represent Mary's hourly wage AFTER she gave John y dollars. x/8 represents Mary's hourly wage BEFORE she gave John y dollars. After she gives John y dollars, she received a NET amount of (x - y) dollars. So, Mary's hourly wage is (x - y)/8

Second, in your expression x/10 + y you are adding an hourly RATE (x/10 dollars per hour) with some AMOUNT of money (y dollars). We can't add two different things like this (e.g., what is 3 dollars per hour PLUS 5 dollars?)

To determine John's hourly RATE, we need the total amount of money he received (x + y dollars) and divide it by the number of hours worked (10 hours). So, John's hourly RATE = (x + y)/10

I'll let you take it from here...

Cheers,
Brent
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by unknown13 » Thu Apr 24, 2014 8:29 pm
the equation form as (x-y)/8 = (x+y)/10
solving this equation gives
x =9y
so option E is correct