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How many zeros are at the end of 380! ?

Expert replies
Source: — Problem Solving |

by GMATGuruNY » Sun Sep 10, 2017 10:41 am
ardz24 wrote:How many zeros are at the end of 380! ?

(A) 90
(B) 91
(C) 94
(D) None
(E) 95
This problem is about TRAILING 0's: the number of 0's at the end of a large product.

380! = 380*379*378*....*3*2*1.

Since 10=2*5, EVERY COMBINATION OF 2*5 contained within the prime-factorization of 380! will yield a 0 at the end of the integer representation of 380!.
The prime-factorization of 380! includes FAR MORE 2'S than 5's.
Thus, the number of 0's depends on the NUMBER OF 5's contained within 380!.

To count the number of 5's, simply divide increasing POWERS OF 5 into 380.

Every multiple of 5 within 380! provides at least one 5:
380/5 = 76 --> 76 5's.
Every multiple of 5² within 380! provides a SECOND 5:
380/5² = 15 --> 15 more 5's.
Every multiple of 5³ within 380! provides a THIRD 5:
380/5³ = 3 --> 3 more 5's.
Thus, the total number of 5's contained within 380! =76+15+3 = 94.

Since each of these 94 5's can serve to produce a trailing zero, the total number of trailing zeros = 94.

The correct answer is C.
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BTGmoderatorAT wrote: ↑
Sun Sep 10, 2017 8:24 am
How many zeros are at the end of 380! ?

(A) 90
(B) 91
(C) 94
(D) None
(E) 95

What's the best approach to determine the answer?
To determine the number of trailing zeros, we need to determine the number of 5-and-2 pairs because each 5-and-2 pair makes 10, which adds a trailing zero to the value of the factorial Since there are fewer fives in 380! than twos, we can just determine the number of fives. We can do so, with the following shortcut, in which we divide by increasing powers of 5 until we get a zero quotient.

380/5 = 76

380/5^2 = 380/25 = 15 (ignore the remainder)

380/5^3 = 380/125 = 3 (ignore the remainder)

380/5^4 = 380/625 = 0 (ignore the remainder)

Since our quotient is zero we can stop.

The number of fives (and thus trailing zeros) is 380! is 76 + 15 + 3 = 94.

Answer: C

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