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In a product test of a common cold remedy, x percent of the

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by BTGmoderatorLU » Wed Aug 08, 2018 2:20 pm

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A

B

C

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E

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Difficulty—

Source: Official Guide

In a product test of a common cold remedy, x percent of the patients tested experienced side effects from the use of the drug and y percent experienced relief of cold symptoms. What percent of the patients tested experienced both side effects and relief of cold symptoms?

(1) Of the 1,000 patients tested, 15 percent experienced neither side effects nor relief of cold symptoms.
(2) Of the patients tested, 30 percent experienced relief of cold symptoms without side effects.

The OA is E.
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Source: — Data Sufficiency |

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by Jay@ManhattanReview » Thu Aug 09, 2018 1:34 am
BTGmoderatorLU wrote:Source: Official Guide

In a product test of a common cold remedy, x percent of the patients tested experienced side effects from the use of the drug and y percent experienced relief of cold symptoms. What percent of the patients tested experienced both side effects and relief of cold symptoms?

(1) Of the 1,000 patients tested, 15 percent experienced neither side effects nor relief of cold symptoms.
(2) Of the patients tested, 30 percent experienced relief of cold symptoms without side effects.

The OA is E.
Say,

the number of patients who experienced ONLY side effects = S;
the number of patients who experienced ONLY relief of cold symptoms = C;
the number of patients who experienced BOTH side effects & relief of cold symptoms = B;
the number of patients who experienced NEITHER side effects NOR relief of cold symptoms = N

We have to get the value of B.

Let's take each statement one by one.

(1) Of the 1,000 patients tested, 15 percent experienced neither side effects nor relief of cold symptoms.

=> N = 15% of 1000 = 150.

Can't get the value of B. Insufficient.

(2) Of the patients tested, 30 percent experienced relief of cold symptoms without side effects.

=> C = 30% of 1000 = 300.

Can't get the value of B. Insufficient.

(1) and (2) together

We have N = 150 and C = 300.

However, we can't get the value of B. Insufficient.

The correct answer: E

Hope this helps!

-Jay
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by ceilidh.erickson » Mon Aug 13, 2018 12:16 pm
BTGmoderatorLU wrote:Source: Official Guide

In a product test of a common cold remedy, x percent of the patients tested experienced side effects from the use of the drug and y percent experienced relief of cold symptoms. What percent of the patients tested experienced both side effects and relief of cold symptoms?

(1) Of the 1,000 patients tested, 15 percent experienced neither side effects nor relief of cold symptoms.
(2) Of the patients tested, 30 percent experienced relief of cold symptoms without side effects.

The OA is E.
One easy way to organize overlapping sets questions is with a Double Set Matrix:

Image

We're looking for those who experienced both as a percent of the total:

Image

Now let's look at the statements individually:

(1) Of the 1,000 patients tested, 15 percent experienced neither side effects nor relief of cold symptoms.

We can add a total value and a value to the "neither" box:

Image

This doesn't give any information about "both," though. Insufficient.

Make sure to erase what we knew from statement 1 before adding statement 2 info!

(2) Of the patients tested, 30 percent experienced relief of cold symptoms without side effects.

We have a percentage in this box:

Image

.. but this doesn't give us anything about the "both" box.

Now put them together:

Image

We can get values for the total with side effects and without, but we can't infer anything about how many have both. Insufficient.

The answer is E.

---------------------------------------------------------------
Double Set Matrixes are very useful for this sort of problem! For more practice on those, see:
https://www.beatthegmat.com/retailers-q ... tml#809549
https://www.beatthegmat.com/in-a-class- ... tml#802582
https://www.beatthegmat.com/jefferson-s ... tml#708717
https://www.beatthegmat.com/sandwich-t2 ... tml#730500
https://www.beatthegmat.com/ds-question ... tml#677080
https://www.beatthegmat.com/survery-res ... tml#576105
https://www.beatthegmat.com/rainbow-tro ... tml#555603
Ceilidh Erickson
EdM in Mind, Brain, and Education
Harvard Graduate School of Education
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