The only motives that influence all human actions arise from self-interest. It is clear, therefore, that self-interest is the chief influence on human action.
The reasoning in the argument is fallacious because the argument
a. denies that an observation that a trait is common to all events in a pattern can contribute to a causal explanation of the pattern
b. takes the occurrence of one particular influence on a patterns or classes of events as showing that its influence outweighs any other influence on those events
c. concludes that a characteristic of pattern or class of events at one time is characteristic of similar patterns or classes of events at all times
d. concludes that because an influence is the paramount influence on a particular pattern or class of events, that influence is the only influence on the pattern or class of events
e. undermines its own premise that a particular attribute is present in all instances of a certain pattern or class of events