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OG:According to the Economic Development

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OG:According to the Economic Development

by NandishSS » Thu Dec 08, 2016 3:59 am
According to the Economic Development Corporation of Los Angeles County, if one were to count the Los Angeles metropolitan area as a separate nation, it would have the world's eleventh largest gross national product, that is bigger than that of Australia, Mexico, or the Netherlands.

A. if one were to count the Los Angeles metropolitan area as a separate nation, it would have the world's eleventh largest gross national product, that is

B. if the Los Angeles metropolitan area is counted as a separate nation, it has the world's eleventh largest gross national product, that being

C. if the Los Angeles metropolitan area were a separate nation, it would have the world's eleventh largest gross national product,

D. were the Los Angeles metropolitan area a separate nation, it will have the world's eleventh largest gross national product, which is

E. when the Los Angeles metropolitan area is counted as a separate nation, it has the world's eleventh largest gross national product, thus


OA:C
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by crackverbal » Sat Dec 24, 2016 1:47 am
let us look at each of the answer options -

A - the usage of that is incorrect. "that" is generally used as an essential modifier and hence cannot be preceded by commas.
I think the usage of the pronoun "one" is also problematic as it does not have an antecedent.

B - the usage of that is incorrect.
the usage of if + present tense, (then) + present tense also does not make sense here.

this construction is used to talk about general truths.
For example -
If she cooks dinner, he cleans the kitchen.
Here the condition 'if' is used in the same sense as 'whenever'.
this does not make sense here.

C - correct answer.
note the usage of the hypothetical subjunctive - were/would.

if + past tense, (then) + would - this construction is used to talk about unreal/unlikely situations in the present or future.

We are talking about an unreal situation here - LA metropolitan are is NOT a separate nation.

D - we need to use the unreal/hypothetical conditional - would - here.
Usage of will is incorrect.

E - changes the meaning of the sentence.
It suggests that it is sometimes counted as a separate nation and when it is, it has the 11th largest GNP.
the usage of "thus" suggests a cause-and-effect relationship. Illogical.
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by GMATGuruNY » Sun Dec 25, 2016 5:38 am
NandishSS wrote:According to the Economic Development Corporation of Los Angeles County, if one were to count the Los Angeles metropolitan area as a separate nation, it would have the world's eleventh largest gross national product, that is bigger than that of Australia, Mexico, or the Netherlands.

A. if one were to count the Los Angeles metropolitan area as a separate nation, it would have the world's eleventh largest gross national product, that is

B. if the Los Angeles metropolitan area is counted as a separate nation, it has the world's eleventh largest gross national product, that being

C. if the Los Angeles metropolitan area were a separate nation, it would have the world's eleventh largest gross national product,

D. were the Los Angeles metropolitan area a separate nation, it will have the world's eleventh largest gross national product, which is

E. when the Los Angeles metropolitan area is counted as a separate nation, it has the world's eleventh largest gross national product, thus
A: it would have the world's eleventh largest gross national product, that is bigger
Here, a comma incorrectly serves to connect TWO COMPLETE SENTENCES, each with its own subject and verb (the blue portion and the red portion).
This error is known as a COMMA SPLICE.
If a comma can be replaced a a period, eliminate the answer choice.
Eliminate A.

Within a single clause, successive appearances of the same pronoun should have the SAME REFERENT.
B: it has the world's eleventh largest gross national product, that being bigger than that
Here, the blue that seems to refer to the worlds eleventh largest gross national product.
As a result, the red that should share this referent.
Conveyed meaning:
the world's eleventh largest gross national product being bigger than the world's eleventh largest gross national product.
This meaning is nonsensical.
Eliminate B.

D: were the Los Angeles metropolitan area a separate nation, it will have the world's eleventh largest gross national product
Here, the blue clause is HYPOTHETICAL, while the red clause is DEFINITE.
The result is an illogical meaning.
Eliminate D.

E: when the Los Angeles metropolitan area is counted as a separate nation, it has the world's eleventh largest gross national product
Here, the usage of when implies that the Los Angeles metropolitan area has the world's eleventh largest gross national product only at a particular MOMENT: WHEN the area is counted.
Not the intended meaning.
Eliminate E.

The correct answer is C.
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by rsarashi » Tue Jan 17, 2017 9:42 am
A: it would have the world's eleventh largest gross national product, that is bigger
Here, a comma incorrectly serves to connect TWO COMPLETE SENTENCES, each with its own subject and verb (the blue portion and the red portion).
This error is known as a COMMA SPLICE.
If a comma can be replaced a a period, eliminate the answer choice.
Eliminate A.

Within a single clause, successive appearances of the same pronoun should have the SAME REFERENT.
B: it has the world's eleventh largest gross national product, that being bigger than that
Here, the blue that seems to refer to the worlds eleventh largest gross national product.
As a result, the red that should share this referent.
Conveyed meaning:
the world's eleventh largest gross national product being bigger than the world's eleventh largest gross national product.
This meaning is nonsensical.
Eliminate B.

D: were the Los Angeles metropolitan area a separate nation, it will have the world's eleventh largest gross national product
Here, the blue clause is HYPOTHETICAL, while the red clause is DEFINITE.
The result is an illogical meaning.
Eliminate D.

E: when the Los Angeles metropolitan area is counted as a separate nation, it has the world's eleventh largest gross national product
Here, the usage of when implies that the Los Angeles metropolitan area has the world's eleventh largest gross national product only at a particular MOMENT: WHEN the area is counted.
Not the intended meaning.
Eliminate E.

The correct answer is C.
Hi GMATGuruNY ,

In option D WHICH refers to the GDP and the usage is correct.

Please explain
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by Ali Tariq » Tue Jan 17, 2017 11:24 am
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Last edited by Ali Tariq on Tue Jan 17, 2017 12:37 pm, edited 1 time in total.
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by Ali Tariq » Tue Jan 17, 2017 11:32 am
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by Ali Tariq » Mon Jan 23, 2017 12:44 pm
In option D WHICH refers to the GDP and the usage is correct.

Please explain
Which correctly refers to GNP but the usage is still incorrect.

Think over it.
How is it possible?

Clue: [spoiler]It has something to do with hypothetical situation and usage of is after which[/spoiler].

[spoiler]Grammatical usage of which is is correct. ( no SVA issue: singular subject, singular verb)
Logical usage is incorrect.[/spoiler]

[spoiler]In GMAT SC, not only grammar but also meaning and logic is a thing.
More you score, more the test is tilted towards logic( not only in SC but also in DS and PS.[/spoiler]
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by Ali Tariq » Mon Jan 23, 2017 1:33 pm
C)gross national product, bigger than that of Australia, Mexico, or the Netherlands.

D)gross national product, which is bigger than that of Australia, Mexico, or the Netherlands.

in C) bigger than refers to GNP
in D) which is bigger than also refers to GNP

C) does not use a verb and practically aquires the tense of main clause, which is hypothetical.
D) uses verb" is". You do not change tense unless and untill context demands. Here act of repeating a verb goes against the context, which is hypothetical( not stated as hypothetical, but should have been) and that which follows which is not hypothetical according to this option.
Contradiction at so many levels.
Contradiction between what that is used and what that should have been but is not.

Takeaway:
Context is at pivot. Everything else revolves around it.
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by aji12 » Thu Mar 23, 2017 6:02 pm
GMATGuruNY wrote:
NandishSS wrote:According to the Economic Development Corporation of Los Angeles County, if one were to count the Los Angeles metropolitan area as a separate nation, it would have the world's eleventh largest gross national product, that is bigger than that of Australia, Mexico, or the Netherlands.

A. if one were to count the Los Angeles metropolitan area as a separate nation, it would have the world's eleventh largest gross national product, that is

B. if the Los Angeles metropolitan area is counted as a separate nation, it has the world's eleventh largest gross national product, that being

C. if the Los Angeles metropolitan area were a separate nation, it would have the world's eleventh largest gross national product,

D. were the Los Angeles metropolitan area a separate nation, it will have the world's eleventh largest gross national product, which is

E. when the Los Angeles metropolitan area is counted as a separate nation, it has the world's eleventh largest gross national product, thus
A: it would have the world's eleventh largest gross national product, that is bigger
Here, a comma incorrectly serves to connect TWO COMPLETE SENTENCES, each with its own subject and verb (the blue portion and the red portion).
This error is known as a COMMA SPLICE.
If a comma can be replaced a a period, eliminate the answer choice.
Eliminate A.

Could you explain why the "That clause" here is independent?

That always introduces new S-V pair. This is huge trouble in identifying independence.

Within a single clause, successive appearances of the same pronoun should have the SAME REFERENT.
B: it has the world's eleventh largest gross national product, that being bigger than that
Here, the blue that seems to refer to the worlds eleventh largest gross national product.
As a result, the red that should share this referent.
Conveyed meaning:
the world's eleventh largest gross national product being bigger than the world's eleventh largest gross national product.
This meaning is nonsensical.
Eliminate B.

D: were the Los Angeles metropolitan area a separate nation, it will have the world's eleventh largest gross national product
Here, the blue clause is HYPOTHETICAL, while the red clause is DEFINITE.
The result is an illogical meaning.
Eliminate D.

E: when the Los Angeles metropolitan area is counted as a separate nation, it has the world's eleventh largest gross national product
Here, the usage of when implies that the Los Angeles metropolitan area has the world's eleventh largest gross national product only at a particular MOMENT: WHEN the area is counted.
Not the intended meaning.
Eliminate E.

The correct answer is C.
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by GMATGuruNY » Sat Mar 25, 2017 3:15 am
that can serve as the subject of a clause.
SC2 in the OG16:
Hurricanes travel from east to west, because that is the direction of the prevailing winds in the tropics.
Here, because serves to connect the blue clause to the red clause.
The subject of the red clause is that.
aji12 wrote:Could you explain why the "That clause" here is independent?

That always introduces new S-V pair. This is huge trouble in identifying independence.
A: it would have the world's eleventh largest gross national product, that is bigger
Here, the comma serves -- incorrectly -- to connect the blue clause to the red clause.
As in SC2 in the OG16, the subject of the red clause is that.
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by sambit66 » Mon Jul 17, 2017 11:09 am
Hi Mitch,
Please help me to understand the below gmat Og question:
1>States have been invaded by leafy spurge, a herbaceous plant from Eurasia , with Milky sap, that gives mouth sores to cattle and displaces grasses and other cattle food, rendering ......
Here "that" clearly refers to "a herbaceous plant in Eurasia". Why isnt this sentence a comma splice error. ?
Also I have another example from Gmat og:
2>Lacking information about energy use, people tend to overestimate the amount of energy used by visible equipment, such as lights, that must be turned on and off and underestimate that .....
That clearly refers to visible equipment.
So why cant "that " here refer to " gross national product" . why a comma splice error here.
Please explain.
GMATGuruNY wrote:that can serve as the subject of a clause.
SC2 in the OG16:
Hurricanes travel from east to west, because that is the direction of the prevailing winds in the tropics.
Here, because serves to connect the blue clause to the red clause.
The subject of the red clause is that.
aji12 wrote:Could you explain why the "That clause" here is independent?

That always introduces new S-V pair. This is huge trouble in identifying independence.
A: it would have the world's eleventh largest gross national product, that is bigger
Here, the comma serves -- incorrectly -- to connect the blue clause to the red clause.
As in SC2 in the OG16, the subject of the red clause is that.
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by GMATGuruNY » Mon Jul 24, 2017 4:25 am
sambit66 wrote:Hi Mitch,
Please help me to understand the below gmat Og question
a herbaceous plant...that gives mouth sores
Conveyed meaning:
There is a type of herbaceous plant THAT GIVES MOUTH SORES.
There is at least one other type of herbaceous plant THAT DOES NOT GIVE MOUTH SORES.
This meaning is logical, conveying that there are different types of herbaceous plants.

the world's eleventh largest gross national product, that is bigger than that of Australia.
Here, if that serves to modify the world's eleventh largest gross national product, the following meaning is implied:
There is a type of world's eleventh largest gross national product THAT IS BIGGER THAN THAT OF AUSTRALIA.
There is at least one other type of world's eleventh largest gross national product THAT IS NOT BIGGER THAN THAT OF AUSTRALIA.
This meaning is nonsensical.
There are not different types of the world's eleventh gross national product.
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