The nephew of Pliny the Elder - Old topic

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The nephew of Pliny the Elder - Old topic

by uwhusky » Fri Sep 10, 2010 2:25 pm
The nephew of Pliny the Elder wrote the only eyewitness account of the great eruption of Vesuvius in two letters to the historian Tacitus.


(A) The nephew of Pliny the Elder wrote the only eyewitness account of the great eruption of Vesuvius in two letters to the historian Tacitus.
(B) To the historian Tacitus, the nephew of Pliny the Elder wrote two letters, being the only eyewitness accounts of the great eruption of Vesuvius.
(C) The only eyewitness account is in two letters by the nephew of Pliny the Elder writing to the historian Tacitus an account of the great eruption of Vesuvius.
(D) Writing the only eyewitness account, Pliny the Elder's nephew accounted for the great eruption of Vesuvius in two letters to the historian Tacitus
(E) In two letters to the historian Tacitus, the nephew of Pliny the Elder wrote the only eyewitness account of the great eruption of Vesuvius.

[spoiler]OA: E[/spoiler]

This topic has been discussed many times in the past, but I couldn't find a discussion relating specifically to my confusion.

The only difference between A and E is the placement of "In two letters to the historian Tacitus", and my confusion is, is such placement the difference between an adverbial modifier and a noun modifier?

Perhaps this other example might also help to clear my confusion. In the advance section of MGMAT SC under Absolute Phrases, the following example:

"Owen walked out of the store, his head held high."
"Owen walked out of the store with his head held high."

Why isn't the 2nd sentence incorrectly modifying the store?
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Source: — Sentence Correction |

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by arpita@gurome » Fri Sep 10, 2010 5:31 pm
A good doubt indeed. I think this is the kind of analysis which leads to better grounding of the fundamentals, apart from the correct answer!

Let us look at:
"Owen walked out of the store, his head held high."
"Owen walked out of the store with his head held high."

Both the modifiers are verb modifiers (not noun modifiers). They explain "how" Owen walked out of the store. In noun modifiers it is good to have the noun next to the modifier, but this not true for verb modifiers, they have flexibility of placement as long as they modify the correct verb. In light of these facts, when we look at the above sentences, both are correct, since they both explain how Owen walked out, at the same time they do not compromise on style (are not awkward, wordy ....).

Now coming to the specific question, choice A and E have all the elements of the correct answer, but the placement of "in two letters to the historian Tacitus' is awkward in A, agreed that it is modifying "how" the eyewitness account was communicated but when compared to choice E it is stylistically fragmented. E elegantly places all points about the nephew (such as his two letters, the fact that he is the nephew of Pliny) at one place, whereas it is scattered all over the sentence in A. Thus given that the most appropriate choice has to be selected, E wins over A.

In choice A, one could potentially say "in his two letters to ...." to connect the two parts pertaining to the nephew but it would still lose out on style and awkwardness to E.

Hope this helps.
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by uwhusky » Fri Sep 10, 2010 5:49 pm
Thank you Arpita. However, I am still confused by the explanation from OG, which says that A is incorrectly implying that the eruption took place in the two letters. But if the difference between the two is style, then I am very confused by the OG explanation suggesting the difference is meaning.
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by arpita@gurome » Fri Sep 10, 2010 6:49 pm
uwhusky wrote:Thank you Arpita. However, I am still confused by the explanation from OG, which says that A is incorrectly implying that the eruption took place in the two letters. But if the difference between the two is style, then I am very confused by the OG explanation suggesting the difference is meaning.
Good point! Since your question looked like it was focusing more on understanding the concept of advanced modifiers, I focused on the verb modifier - style route to explain this question.

OG's explanation is utilizing the "of the great eruption of Vesuvius in two letters" part of the sentence and concluding that the eruption happened in the letters. Choice E is clear that the letters were written by the nephew about the eruption. Hence E is better.

Hope this is useful, do let me know if the confusion still persists.
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by uwhusky » Fri Sep 10, 2010 6:57 pm
Unfortunately I am still quite confused. The reason why I thought the placement of the preposition modifier is what determines whether the modifier is an adverbial or a noun originated from the OG explanation.

Let me attempt to ask this a little differently. Would the sentence be more acceptable, in terms of meaning, if it is:

"The nephew of Pliny the Elder wrote the only eyewitness account of the great eruption of Vesuvius, in two letters to the historian Tacitus."
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by uwhusky » Fri Sep 10, 2010 7:10 pm
I think I got it. A prepositional phrase such as this one will always be used as an adverb, but the difference in placement makes A more confusing than E, kind of like passive voice/active voice and pronoun ambiguity.
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by niksworth » Fri Sep 10, 2010 7:18 pm
@uwhusky,

Check this link out. It has some great discussions on the topic at hand. This may help you out.

https://www.beatthegmat.com/introductory ... 53789.html
scio me nihil scire

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by arpita@gurome » Fri Sep 10, 2010 8:17 pm
uwhusky wrote:I think I got it. A prepositional phrase such as this one will always be used as an adverb, but the difference in placement makes A more confusing than E, kind of like passive voice/active voice and pronoun ambiguity.
You hit the nail on the head! Instead of 'stylistic fragmentation' of the modifier calling it misplacement of adverb is simpler.
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by [email protected] » Thu Dec 20, 2012 8:50 am
Arpita,
choice E confuses me a little cause "In two letters to the historian Tacitus" modifies the nephew. How can this modify a person? (it rather modifies how something happens)
Thanks!

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by shyamantasharma » Fri Aug 07, 2015 10:20 pm
[email protected] wrote:Arpita,
choice E confuses me a little cause "In two letters to the historian Tacitus" modifies the nephew. How can this modify a person? (it rather modifies how something happens)
Thanks!
Hi Lisa,

[Prepositional phrase + comma + clause] can refer to subject or verb the Clause, depending upon the context of the sentence. In this Problem, the prepositional phrase "In two letters to the historian Tacitus", correctly refers to the verb "wrote", ultimately conveying the meaning that "the nephew of X wrote the eyewitness account in two letters". I hope my analysis is correct and would appreciate comments/feedbacks from any of the Experts.

Below are the two links which are helpful to grasp this topic : -

1) https://www.manhattanprep.com/gmat/foru ... t1277.html

2) https://www.beatthegmat.com/past-partici ... 01365.html

Cheers
Shyamanta
:)

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