Checked the past posts of beatthegmat - this question was not analysed in depth....so posting it freshly

Those who have visited the Grand Canyon have typically seen layers of sediment in the gaping canyon, with different colors that mark the passage of time like the rings in a tree trunk.
(A) seen layers of sediment in the gaping canyon, with different colors that mark
(B) see layers of sediment in the gaping canyon, whose different colors mark
(C) been seeing layers of sediment in the gaping canyon, whose different colors are markers of
(D) been able to see layers of sediment in the gaping canyon, with different colors marking
(E) seen layers of sediment in the gaping canyon, marking by different colors

My doubt:

It is said that in in B - whose could refer to both the layers of sediment and grand canyon..so it is wrong

Is the construction in A clear? "with different colour" is next to canyon...how does that exactly modify the layers? it can even modify the "those who visited"

confused..please help

Thanks,

Sai