critical reasoning - fat people

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critical reasoning - fat people

by kk007 » Sun Sep 04, 2011 4:23 am
Many insist that fat people can become thin if only they put their minds to it and follow a strict diet regimen.
Which of the following if true, would most seriously weaken the contention in the above statement ?
1. Studies of twins and of adopted children show that inheritance accounts for as much as 70% of weight variance.
2. Dieting when undertaken with regular exercise reduces body weight significantly.
3. People who try to confirm to strict diet abandon their efforts midway.
4. Researchers thus far have not been able to establish beyond doubt, the usefulness of diet in controlling obesity.
5. obesity is said to be a cause for heart ailments but evidence shows that lean people are as vulnerable to heart attacks as those who are fat.

I opted for B.
Cause : putting their minds and following their strict diet regimen.
effect : becoming thin.
I opted for B because its showing that another cause is responsible for such an effect.
But the OA is A. In A, the source of sample is too doubtable to weakening the particular causality.
Please clarify.
Source: — Critical Reasoning |

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by avik.ch » Sun Sep 04, 2011 6:10 am
I will go for B.
simple cause and effect relationship. B is referring to a different combined cause for that effect.

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by kk007 » Tue Sep 06, 2011 12:17 am
can any one please throw some light on this particular question .

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by prashant.mishra » Tue Sep 06, 2011 12:56 am
I will go with A.

1. Studies of twins and of adopted children show that inheritance accounts for as much as 70% of weight variance.- CORRECT. This option provides an alternate reason for obesity. 70 %(a major proportion) of the twins and adopted children are obese on account of inheritance. Therefore, even if these people were to maintain a strict diet discipline, may be they would be unsuccessful in their attempt to become thin.

2. Dieting when undertaken with regular exercise reduces body weight significantly.- OUT.- Does this fact help to answer if Dieting alone could make one thin ?? The only info we have here is dieting in conjunction with exercising will help one to become thin.. but the argument stresses on dieting alone !!

3. People who try to conform to strict diet abandon their efforts midway..-OUT (Out of scope.. the argument deals with people who conform to strict diet discipline throughout and not those who drop their plans midway.. question is had they completed their schedule would they have become thin??This option does not answer this question)

4. Researchers thus far have not been able to establish beyond doubt, the usefulness of diet in controlling obesity.- OUT (Well the researchers are themselves not sure if the claim made by many people is right or wrong.. so if the researchers are not sure, how can one conclude that the claim by many people is wrong.. those guys asserting the above claim may well be right !! )

5. obesity is said to be a cause for heart ailments but evidence shows that lean people are as vulnerable to heart attacks as those who are fat. - OUT (Is this option anywhay related to the claim ?? Irrelevant info)
kk007 wrote:can any one please throw some light on this particular question .

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by avik.ch » Tue Sep 06, 2011 1:21 am
prashant.mishra wrote:I will go with A.

1. Studies of twins and of adopted children show that inheritance accounts for as much as 70% of weight variance.- CORRECT. This option provides an alternate reason for obesity. 70 %(a major proportion) of the twins and adopted children are obese on account of inheritance. Therefore, even if these people were to maintain a strict diet discipline, may be they would be unsuccessful in their attempt to become thin.

2. Dieting when undertaken with regular exercise reduces body weight significantly.- OUT.- Does this fact help to answer if Dieting alone could make one thin ?? The only info we have here is dieting in conjunction with exercising will help one to become thin.. but the argument stresses on dieting alone !!

3. People who try to conform to strict diet abandon their efforts midway..-OUT (Out of scope.. the argument deals with people who conform to strict diet discipline throughout and not those who drop their plans midway.. question is had they completed their schedule would they have become thin??This option does not answer this question)

4. Researchers thus far have not been able to establish beyond doubt, the usefulness of diet in controlling obesity.- OUT (Well the researchers are themselves not sure if the claim made by many people is right or wrong.. so if the researchers are not sure, how can one conclude that the claim by many people is wrong.. those guys asserting the above claim may well be right !! )

5. obesity is said to be a cause for heart ailments but evidence shows that lean people are as vulnerable to heart attacks as those who are fat. - OUT (Is this option anywhay related to the claim ?? Irrelevant info)
kk007 wrote:can any one please throw some light on this particular question .

hii prashant,

its clear that the only contender is A and B.

But i think A has a major problem. Its true that it is showing a different cause but sample for the study is only limited to twins and adopted children.
Where as in B -
cause ( putting their minds + dieting ) ----------- effect ( becoming thin )
cause ( dieting + exercise ) ----------------------- effect ( becoming thin)
Is applicable for all

I think B is better

Need some experts view on this problem.

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by prashant.mishra » Tue Sep 06, 2011 1:52 am
Hi Avik,

hmm.. I see your confusion. Ok. I will try to explain this again.( and of course the experts will do it better, but nevertheless my trying won't hurt anyone's concepts I guess !! :) ) lets look at the essential aspects here:

Conclusion(not difficult to locate at all :)): Fat people can become thin if only they put their minds to it and follow a strict diet regimen.

Does this argument consider any exclusions? NO !! It categorically states "follow a strict diet regimen and you will become thin." So here is A which says - do whatever you want to, there is something else governing obesity. and I guess you do concede that the sample however small presents an exclusion which the argument failed to consider.

Then what's up with B ? Those making the above claim may say Dieting with exercise will help one get thinner lets say by 10%(assuming this figure to be SIGNIFICANT, of course SIGNIFICANT could mean anything), while ONLY DIETING will help one become thinner by lets say 1%. So those claiming that following a strict diet regimen leads to a thin physique might say- "Hey, that's what we said !! 1% thinner still qualifies as getting thinner. How did you get thinner? By dieting ..rt? See, thats what we were saying !!"
avik.ch wrote: hii prashant,

its clear that the only contender is A and B.

But i think A has a major problem. Its true that it is showing a different cause but sample for the study is only limited to twins and adopted children.
Where as in B -
cause ( putting their minds + dieting ) ----------- effect ( becoming thin )
cause ( dieting + exercise ) ----------------------- effect ( becoming thin)
Is applicable for all

I think B is better

Need some experts view on this problem.

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by navami » Wed Sep 07, 2011 12:09 pm
imo A
This time no looking back!!!
Navami