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Parallelism

by src_saurav » Fri May 29, 2015 9:47 am
37. Dressed as a man and using the name Robert Shurtleff,
Deborah Sampson, the first woman to draw a soldier's
pension, joined the Continental Army in 1782 at the age
of 22, was injured three times, and was discharged in
1783 because she had become too ill to serve.
(A) 22, was injured three times, and was discharged
in 1783 because she had become
(B) 22, was injured three times, while being
discharged in 1783 because she had become
(C) 22 and was injured three times, and discharged
in 1783, being
(D) 22, injured three times, and was discharged in
1783 because she was
(E) 22, having been injured three times and
discharged in 1783, being


I choose E because joined particle paralled with having been and being.

I did not choose A which is the right anser as joined paralleled with verb and verb ....

What is your reason
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by GMATGuruNY » Sat May 30, 2015 2:37 am
Dressed as a man and using the name Robert Shurtleff, Deborah Sampson, the first woman to draw a soldier's pension, joined the Continental Army in 1782 at the age of 22, was injured three times, and was discharged in 1783 because she had become too ill to serve.

A. 22, was injured three times, and was discharged in 1783 because she had become
B. 22, was injured three times, while being discharged in 1783 because she had become
C. 22, and was injured three times, and discharged in 1783, being
D. 22, injured three times, and was discharged in 1783 because she was
E. 22, having been injured three times and discharged in 1783, being
In this context, to be discharged means TO BE FORCED TO LEAVE THE ARMY.

B: was injured three times, while being discharged
Here, the implication is that Deborah Sampson was injured three times while she was being forced to leave the army.
Not the intended meaning.
Eliminate B.

C: Deborah Sampson...discharged in 1873
Here, the usage of discharged would be appropriate if Deborah Sampson had forced SOMEONE ELSE to leave the army.
Since the intended meaning is that Deborah Sampson HERSELF was forced to leave the army -- that Deborah Sampson WAS discharged -- eliminate C.

D: Deborah Sampson...injured three times
Here, the usage of injured would be appropriate if Deborah Sampson had hurt SOMEONE ELSE.
Since the intended meaning is that Deborah Sampson HERSELF was hurt -- that Deborah Sampson WAS injured -- eliminate D.

E: Deborah Sampson joined the Continental Army...having been injured three times
Here, the modifier in red implies that Deborah Sampson was injured three times BEFORE she joined the army.
Not the intended meaning.
Eliminate E.

The correct answer is A.
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by [email protected] » Sat Jan 21, 2017 8:48 am
GMATGuruNY wrote:
Dressed as a man and using the name Robert Shurtleff, Deborah Sampson, the first woman to draw a soldier's pension, joined the Continental Army in 1782 at the age of 22, was injured three times, and was discharged in 1783 because she had become too ill to serve.

A. 22, was injured three times, and was discharged in 1783 because she had become
B. 22, was injured three times, while being discharged in 1783 because she had become
C. 22, and was injured three times, and discharged in 1783, being
D. 22, injured three times, and was discharged in 1783 because she was
E. 22, having been injured three times and discharged in 1783, being
In this context, to be discharged means TO BE FORCED TO LEAVE THE ARMY.

B: was injured three times, while being discharged
Here, the implication is that Deborah Sampson was injured three times while she was being forced to leave the army.
Not the intended meaning.
Eliminate B.

C: Deborah Sampson...discharged in 1873
Here, the usage of discharged would be appropriate if Deborah Sampson had forced SOMEONE ELSE to leave the army.
Since the intended meaning is that Deborah Sampson HERSELF was forced to leave the army -- that Deborah Sampson WAS discharged -- eliminate C.

D: Deborah Sampson...injured three times
Here, the usage of injured would be appropriate if Deborah Sampson had hurt SOMEONE ELSE.
Since the intended meaning is that Deborah Sampson HERSELF was hurt -- that Deborah Sampson WAS injured -- eliminate D.

E: Deborah Sampson joined the Continental Army...having been injured three times
Here, the modifier in red implies that Deborah Sampson was injured three times BEFORE she joined the army.
Not the intended meaning.
Eliminate E.

The correct answer is A.
Hi Mitch,

Can you throw some light on the usage of Having been injured in Option E. Please answer the below:

1. What tense is this
2. How is it correctly used. Please show with some examples
3. How it is incorrect here?
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by rsarashi » Sat Jan 21, 2017 10:25 am
D: Deborah Sampson...injured three times
Here, the usage of injured would be appropriate if Deborah Sampson had hurt SOMEONE ELSE.
Since the intended meaning is that Deborah Sampson HERSELF was hurt -- that Deborah Sampson WAS injured -- eliminate D.
Hi GMATGuruNY ,

I also marked option A, but can you please explain more about option D?

Thanks
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by Ali Tariq » Mon Jan 23, 2017 11:04 am
Two issues are at play in D.
First issue

DS joined the army
Active verb, active situation--> correct

DS injured 3 times
Active verb, passive situation-->incorrect

DS was injured 3 times
passive verb, passive situation--> correct

Takeaway
Use verb according to the situation.
If situation is active, use active verb
If situation is passive, use passive verb

P.S
Note: Parallelism between active verb and passive verb is not an issue. Any verb can be parallel with any other verb.
In verb and verb parallelism, tense and voice need not be same.
Tense and verb are determined as per situation.


If situation is active, use active verb
If situation is passive, use passive verb
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by Ali Tariq » Mon Jan 23, 2017 11:13 am
second issue

i) DS joined the army
ii)DS injured three times

joined and injured are type of verbs known as transitive verbs.
Transitive verbs must take Direct Object( in active situation).
Direct Object is a noun and must answer what or whom?

DS joined what /whom?
DS joined the army.--> correct

DS injured what/ whom?
DS injured 3 times--> incorrect for 2 reasons.

i) 3 times is not noun (Direct Object of verb injured)
ii) Term 3 times doesnot answer what/whom?
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by Ali Tariq » Mon Jan 23, 2017 11:46 am
Moreover in A vs D,
she had become ill is appropriate.
She was ill is inappropriate.

Reason is not the tense.
she had become ill communicates a message different from
She was ill (simple past tense)

She became ill wouldn't have been incorrect either. (simple past tense)

Takeaway:
Past perfect vs simple past tense is not deal breaker. Look for something else.

P.S:
note: because( causation/ causality) made the time sequence clear. In causation/causality, effect follows cause. Hence time sequence in causation is never an issue.


P.P.S:
Reason i am being explicit is that all issues discussed in this post have precedence in GMAC's official material.
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