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A little help on the solution?

Expert replies
Source: — Data Sufficiency |

by ceilidh.erickson » Fri Oct 21, 2016 3:57 pm
The key is to recognize that a� - b� is a DIFFERENCE OF SQUARES. We can factor this expression:
a� - b� = (a² + b²)(a² - b²)

Again, we can factor the difference of squares:
(a² + b²)(a² - b²) = (a² + b²)(a + b)(a - b)

Target question: what is the value of (a² + b²)(a + b)(a - b)?

1) a² - b² = 16

If we factor, this tells us that (a + b)(a - b) = 16. Since we know nothing about (a² + b²), though, we can't solve. Insufficient.

2) a + b = 8

Again, this alone gives us the value of one piece of our target question, but not the whole thing. Insufficient.

(1) & (2) together:
When we put the two together, we can substitute statement 2 into statement 1:
(a + b)(a - b) = 16
(8)(a - b) = 16
a - b = 2

Now, combine the two equations:
a + b = 8
a - b = 2
2a = 10
a = 5
b = 3

Now that we have values for both of our variables, we clearly have sufficient information to answer the question. Sufficient.
The answer is C.

Does that help?
Ceilidh Erickson
EdM in Mind, Brain, and Education
Harvard Graduate School of Education
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by fambrini » Fri Oct 21, 2016 4:01 pm
Thanks a lot, I was having trouble with factoring the difference of squares for the second time. Silly one, but thanks!
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by ceilidh.erickson » Fri Oct 21, 2016 4:14 pm
Hey, we all get stuck sometimes, even on silly stuff! I'm happy to help.
Ceilidh Erickson
EdM in Mind, Brain, and Education
Harvard Graduate School of Education
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by GMATGuruNY » Sat Oct 22, 2016 3:14 am
fambrini wrote:What is the value of a� - b�?

1) a² - b² = 16

2) a + b = 8
Alternate approach:

Statement 1:
If b=0, then a²=16, implying that a = ±4.
In this case, a� - b� = (±4)� - 0� = 4�.
If b=4, then a²=0, implying that a=0.
In this case, a� - b� = 0� - (±4)� = -(4�).
Since a� - b� can be different values, INSUFFICIENT.

Statement 2:
If b=0, then a=8.
In this case, a� - b� = 8� - 0� = 8�.
If b=8, then a=0.
In this case, a� - b� = 0� - 8� = -(8�).
Since a� - b� can be different values, INSUFFICIENT.

Statements combined:
Statement 1 can be rephrased as follows:
(a+b)(a-b) = 16.
Since a+b=8, a-b = 2.
Since we have two distinct linear equations and two variables, we can solve for both variables.
Thus, the value of a� - b� can be determined.
SUFFICIENT.

The correct answer is C.
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