Sentence Correction

I need help with this one, I choosed b but it was e, why?

Having the right hand and arm being crippled by a sniper's bullet during the First World War, Horace Pippin, a Black American painter, worked by holding the brush in his right hand and guiding its movements with his left

a. Having the right hand and arm being crippled by a sniper's bullet during the First World War
b. In spite of his right hand and arm being crippled by a sniper's bullet during the First World War
c. Because there had been a sniper's bullet during the First World War that crippled his right hand and arm
d. The right hand and arm being crippled by a sniper's bullet during the First World War
e. His right hand and arm crippled by a sniper's bullet during the First World War

Being is almost always wrong on GMAT.

A B D out. C uses past perfect which is not needed. E prevails

I agree with childcguy. Another vote for E