mundasingh123 wrote:A huge flying reptile that died out with the dinosaurs some 65 million years ago, the Quetzalcoatlus had a wingspan of 36 feet, believed to be the largest flying creature the world has ever seen.
(A) believed to be
(B) and that is believed to be
(C) and it is believed to have been
(D) which was, it is believed,
(E) which is believed to be
OA C
In A) believed is modifying Quetzalcoatlus.Example :He ran into the building,excited to meet his friend.
So i chose A
In B and C,that and it are ambigous.
The easiest issue to address is tense.
The present infinitive (to go, to run, to see, etc.) expresses
contemporaneous action (an action happening at the same time as another action):
John is happy to be president. [John is happy (in the present) that he is president (also in the present)].
The present perfect infinitive (to have gone, to have run, to have seen) expresses
past action:
John is happy to have been president. [John is happy (in the present) that he
was president (in the past)].
In the SC above, the Quetzalcoatlus
was the largest flying creature
65 million years ago. So the present perfect infinitive is needed, as in C:
...it is believed (in the present) to have been (in the past) the largest flying creature...
Eliminate A, B and E.
In D, the pronoun
which refers either to
wingspan or to
36 feet, but it was the
Quetzalcoatlus that was the largest creature. Eliminate D.
The correct answer is C.
In A, there are too many nouns that
believed to be could be modifying: 36 feet, wingspan, the Quetzalcoatlus. If it's not clear what a modifier is modifying, eliminate the answer choice.
In the following sentence, the meaning is clear:
John left the building, excited that he had just aced the GMAT.
The comma and the intended meaning of the sentence help us to know that
excited is not modifying the
building; the only other noun is
John, so we know that
excited must be modifying
John.
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