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price of oil

by mberkowitz » Fri Nov 07, 2008 2:21 pm
Noting that the price of oil and other fuel components, a major factor in the cost structure of an airline, have risen and will continue to rise, the company management was pessimistic about their outlook for the upcoming quarter.

a) have risen and will continue to rise, the company management was pessimistic about their
b) have risen and will continue to rise, the company management was pessimistic about the
c) will continue to rise, the company management was pessimistic about the
d) has risen and will continue to rise, the company management was pessimistic about their
e) will continue to rise, the company management was pessimistic about their

oa is [/spoiler]c[spoiler]

had the question read "Noting that the price AND SCARCITY of oil and other fuel components, a major factor in the cost structure of an airline, have risen", would the plural construction be correct (since and joining two nouns pluralizes the sentence)?[/spoiler]
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by mberkowitz » Fri Nov 07, 2008 2:22 pm
sorry, im really bad at implementing the spoiler for some reason...
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by mberkowitz » Fri Nov 07, 2008 2:33 pm
furthermore, in a perfect world wouldn't "pessimism about their" be better replaced with "pess. about its" rather than "pess. about the", because "the" isn't possesive?
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by rohangupta83 » Fri Nov 07, 2008 4:05 pm
true, but pessimistic about the is also correct. There is nothing wrong with it. However, pessimistic about their is incorrect as company management is singular.

Also, 'have risen' and 'continue to rise' is redundant when together.

just 'continue to rise' is enough :)
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Re: price of oil

by rohangupta83 » Fri Nov 07, 2008 4:09 pm
mberkowitz wrote:
had the question read "Noting that the price AND SCARCITY of oil and other fuel components, a major factor in the cost structure of an airline, have risen", would the plural construction be correct (since and joining two nouns pluralizes the sentence)?
No, 'their' refers to 'the company management' and not 'price and scarcity'. You would still use a singular pronoun.
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by mberkowitz » Fri Nov 07, 2008 4:33 pm
sorry, i was referring to the first "has risen" vs. "have risen", not necessarily relevant to the Q i was just curious.
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by rohangupta83 » Fri Nov 07, 2008 4:40 pm
Noting that the price AND SCARCITY of oil and other fuel components, a major factor in the cost structure of an airline, have risen
This would be correct, as long as we don't use ''have risen and will continue to rise'' :)
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by akhpad » Fri Jun 04, 2010 11:18 am
I would like to open it. Source: MGMAT CAT

OA is C. If C put into original sentence.

Noting that the price of oil and other fuel components, a major factor in the cost structure of an airline, will continue to rise, the company management was pessimistic about the outlook for the upcoming quarter.

Noting that the price of oil and other fuel components, X, will continue to rise, Y.

X = a major factor in the cost structure of an airline
Y = the company management was pessimistic about the outlook for the upcoming quarter

I believe that X is a noun modifier; what kind of modifier Y is.
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by paes » Mon Jun 07, 2010 3:29 am
I think Y is not a modifier.

But the clause before Y, itself is modifying to Y.

Noting that [the price of oil and other fuel components, X, will continue to rise]

is modifying to

the company management ....
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by Stacey Koprince » Wed Jun 09, 2010 8:57 am
Received a PM asking me to respond to akhp77's question about "Y," as constructed with the correct answer.

Full sentence with correct answer:

Noting that the price of oil and other fuel components, a major factor in the cost structure of an airline, will continue to rise, the company management was pessimistic about the outlook for the upcoming quarter.

Here's the structure of this sentence:

Noting [that-modifier, sub-modifier, remainder of that-modifier], subj verb [2 prepositional phrase modifiers].

or:
Modifier, sub-modifier, rest of first modifier, subj verb modifiers

The core of the sentence is:
the company management was pessimistic

The stuff before that core = modifiers. The main modifier before is:
Noting that the price of oil and other fuel components will continue to rise

Within that modifier, there is another modifier, modifying "the price":
, a major factor in the cost structure of an airline,

After the core, we have two prepositional phrases; they are also modifiers. Each modifies the preceding word:
about the outlook modifies pessimistic
for the upcoming quarter modifies outlook
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by akhpad » Wed Jun 09, 2010 10:15 am
Hi Stacey,

I am happy to see your explanation. Its fantastic.

I got it now.

Y is the main clause and others are modifier and sub modifier.
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by anukrati » Thu Jul 28, 2011 12:27 pm
Stacey Koprince wrote:Received a PM asking me to respond to akhp77's question about "Y," as constructed with the correct answer.

Full sentence with correct answer:

Noting that the price of oil and other fuel components, a major factor in the cost structure of an airline, will continue to rise, the company management was pessimistic about the outlook for the upcoming quarter.

Here's the structure of this sentence:

Noting [that-modifier, sub-modifier, remainder of that-modifier], subj verb [2 prepositional phrase modifiers].

or:
Modifier, sub-modifier, rest of first modifier, subj verb modifiers

The core of the sentence is:
the company management was pessimistic

The stuff before that core = modifiers. The main modifier before is:
Noting that the price of oil and other fuel components will continue to rise

Within that modifier, there is another modifier, modifying "the price":
, a major factor in the cost structure of an airline,

After the core, we have two prepositional phrases; they are also modifiers. Each modifies the preceding word:
about the outlook modifies pessimistic
for the upcoming quarter modifies outlook
Hi Stacey

I understood your explanation(its really nice) but have only one doubt.
Why have you dropped "have risen" from that-modifier.
I am not able to get that part...

Thanks
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