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SC Doubt

by chaitanya.mehrotra » Sat Jul 09, 2011 3:22 am
Original Question:
By the end of the Apollo program , twelve Americans have walked on the moon.

Correct Question:
By the end of the Apollo program , twelve Americans had walked on the moon.

Doubt:Why we could not have used just the Past Tense walked . Above the time reference is very clear (by the end of the Apollo program).
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by amit2k9 » Sat Jul 09, 2011 6:03 am
time reference is --

astronauts walked ---- then Apollo program ended.

thus, had walked is correct usage here. Past events are being analyzed here with an event further in the past.
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by gmatjeet » Mon Aug 01, 2011 9:29 am
chaitanya.mehrotra wrote:Original Question:
By the end of the Apollo program , twelve Americans have walked on the moon.

Correct Question:
By the end of the Apollo program , twelve Americans had walked on the moon.

Doubt:Why we could not have used just the Past Tense walked . Above the time reference is very clear (by the end of the Apollo program).
What is not clear in this question is: Why is HAD WALKED correct and why not Walked?

By the end of Apollo program provides a clear time reference so why should we use HAD WALKED. (Manhattan SC says GMAT prefers simple tenses over perfect tenses)
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