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A state legislator drafts an income tax proposal that

Expert replies
by AAPL » Wed Jun 12, 2019 4:51 am

Timer

00:00

Answers

A

B

C

D

E

Stats

Difficulty—

Princeton Review

A state legislator drafts an income tax proposal that imposes a tax of 20% on the first $100,000 of an individual's income, increases the tax to 25% on the next $50,000 in income, and increases the tax by an additional 5% on each additional $50,000 in income, to a maximum tax of 40% on the portion of income over $250,000. Under the proposal, would the state collect an average (arithmetic mean) of more than 30% of the income of the residents of County X?

1) The median income for a resident of County X is $65,000.
2) No resident of County X earns an income of more than $350,000.

OA B
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Source: — Data Sufficiency |

by Ian Stewart » Wed Jun 12, 2019 5:56 am
Statement 1 is insufficient, because maybe everyone earns $65,000, and the answer to the question is 'no', or maybe someone earns $1 trillion, and the percent of income collected is close to 40%.

If someone earns $350,000, they pay:

20% on their first $100k
25% on their next $50k
30% on their next $50k
35% on their next $50k
40% on their last $100k

The first and last percentages in the list above are taken from the same amount of money, so will average to 30% (the average of 20% and 40%), and the middle three are also taken from the same amounts, so average to 30% (the average of 25%, 30% and 35%). So someone earning $350k is paying exactly 30%, and if $350k is the maximum income in the community, the state can't possibly collect more than 30% from any individual earner, let alone from the total income of all residents. So the answer is B.
For online GMAT math tutoring, or to buy my higher-level Quant books and problem sets, contact me at ianstewartgmat at gmail.com

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