-- John wrote a phone number on a note that was later lost. John can remember that the number had 7 digits, the digit 1 appeared in the last three places and 0 did not appear at all. What is the probability that the phone number contains at least two prime digits?
a) 15/16
b) 11/16
c) 11/12
d) ½
e) 5/8
Probability
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My answer is 7/8.anju wrote:-- John wrote a phone number on a note that was later lost. John can remember that the number had 7 digits, the digit 1 appeared in the last three places and 0 did not appear at all. What is the probability that the phone number contains at least two prime digits?
a) 15/16
b) 11/16
c) 11/12
d) ½
e) 5/8
7 digits, last 3 are 1, 0 is not included.
Therefore we only have to consider 4 digits.
each digit can be filled with 8 letters (2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9)
4 prime numbers and 4 non prime numbers
probability of exactly 1 prime
probability of picking non prime letter for first digit is 1/2
probability of picking non prime letter for second digit is 1/2
probability of picking non prime letter for third digit is 1/2
probability of picking prime letter for fourth digit is 1/2
1/2*1/2*1/2*1/2 = 1/16
Similarly, probability of exactly 0 prime
will be 1/2*1/2*1/2*1/2 = 1/16
1-1/16+1/16 = probability of at least 2 prime
1/16 + 1/16 = 2/16
1-2/16 = 14/16 = 7/8
I dont know where I am going wrong. Whats the source.
You almost got it. There are 4 ways in which one out of 4 numbers is a prime. So you need to multiply 1/16 with 4parallel_chase wrote:My answer is 7/8.anju wrote:-- John wrote a phone number on a note that was later lost. John can remember that the number had 7 digits, the digit 1 appeared in the last three places and 0 did not appear at all. What is the probability that the phone number contains at least two prime digits?
a) 15/16
b) 11/16
c) 11/12
d) ½
e) 5/8
7 digits, last 3 are 1, 0 is not included.
Therefore we only have to consider 4 digits.
each digit can be filled with 8 letters (2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9)
4 prime numbers and 4 non prime numbers
probability of exactly 1 prime
probability of picking non prime letter for first digit is 1/2
probability of picking non prime letter for second digit is 1/2
probability of picking non prime letter for third digit is 1/2
probability of picking prime letter for fourth digit is 1/2
1/2*1/2*1/2*1/2 = 1/16
Similarly, probability of exactly 0 prime
will be 1/2*1/2*1/2*1/2 = 1/16
1-1/16+1/16 = probability of at least 2 prime
1/16 + 1/16 = 2/16
1-2/16 = 14/16 = 7/8
I dont know where I am going wrong. Whats the source.
probability one prime + probability of no primes = 4 * 1/16 + 1/16 = 5/16
probability of atleast two primes = 1 - 5/16 = 11/16 (B)
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Thanks !!! I feel like i just missed it.You almost got it. There are 4 ways in which one out of 4 numbers is a prime. So you need to multiply 1/16 with 4
probability one prime + probability of no primes = 4 * 1/16 + 1/16 = 5/16
probability of atleast two primes = 1 - 5/16 = 11/16 (B)
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Guys,
Do it this simple and standard way:
Probability that a position is prime: 4/8 = 1/2
Probability that a position is not prime: 4/8 = 1/2
P(2 prime) = 1/2 * 1/2 * 1/2 * 1/2 = 1/16 and then permute below
..
P(2 prime) = 1/16 (4c2) = 6/16
Need to permute P1P2## because this can be permuted 6 ways.
P(3 prime) = 1/16 (4c3) = 4/16
P(4 prime) = 1/16 (4c4) = 1/16
Sum the above 6/16 + 4/16 + 1/16 and whola 11/16
Do it this simple and standard way:
Probability that a position is prime: 4/8 = 1/2
Probability that a position is not prime: 4/8 = 1/2
P(2 prime) = 1/2 * 1/2 * 1/2 * 1/2 = 1/16 and then permute below
..
P(2 prime) = 1/16 (4c2) = 6/16
Need to permute P1P2## because this can be permuted 6 ways.
P(3 prime) = 1/16 (4c3) = 4/16
P(4 prime) = 1/16 (4c4) = 1/16
Sum the above 6/16 + 4/16 + 1/16 and whola 11/16
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- - - - - - - 7 places . Last 3 was occupied by 1.anju wrote:-- John wrote a phone number on a note that was later lost. John can remember that the number had 7 digits, the digit 1 appeared in the last three places and 0 did not appear at all. What is the probability that the phone number contains at least two prime digits?
a) 15/16
b) 11/16
c) 11/12
d) ½
e) 5/8
Rest 4 will be occupied by:
2 prime, 2 non prime ---- 4C2*4C2
3 prime , 1 non prime ---- 4C3*4C1
4 prime ---- 4C4
No of telephone numbers with at least 2 primes = 4!(4C2*4C2 + 4C3*4C1 +4C4) = 4!*53
Probability = 4!*53 / 4!*8C4
=53/70.
I dont know whether this approach is right or wrong. Please help.
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Maybe I'm missing something - why don't we also consider 1 as a possible digit for the remaining numbers? The question doesn't say that 1 appears in only the last 3 digits.parallel_chase wrote:My answer is 7/8.anju wrote:-- John wrote a phone number on a note that was later lost. John can remember that the number had 7 digits, the digit 1 appeared in the last three places and 0 did not appear at all. What is the probability that the phone number contains at least two prime digits?
a) 15/16
b) 11/16
c) 11/12
d) ½
e) 5/8
7 digits, last 3 are 1, 0 is not included.
Therefore we only have to consider 4 digits.
each digit can be filled with 8 letters (2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9)
So, there should be 9 possibilities for the other 4 spots: {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}, of which 4 {2, 3, 5, 7} are primes.
If we want at least 2 primes, then we want either 2 primes, 3 primes or 4 primes. Alternatively, the only things we do NOT want are 0 primes and 1 prime.
Using the negative approach:
Prob 0 primes = 4C0 * (5/9)^4
Prob 1 prime = 4C1 * (5/9)^3 * (4/9)^1
Prob NOT getting 0 or 1 prime = 1 - (Prob 0 Primes + Prob 1 Prime)
However, we should be able to see right away that the final answer is not going to be a nice neat fraction, which means we won't get any of the listed choices. So, it's apparently correct to ignore the digit "1", although I really can't see why that's the case (unless the question has been incorrectly reproduced).
* * *
So, reading the question as "1 appeared in only the last 3 places", we do indeed have a binary situation - the probability of a prime is 1/2 and the probability of a non-prime is 1/2. Accordingly, this is a great question to apply Pascal's Triangle (discussed in detail here: https://www.beatthegmat.com/coin-flip-qu ... 17911.html)
Looking at the n=4 row (since we have 4 digits to fill), we see:
1 4 6 4 1
We want at least 2 primes, so we add 6 + 4 + 1 to get 11 desired results.
To find the total number of possibilities, we add the entire row to get 16.
Therefore, the probability of getting at least 2 primes out of 4 digits is 11/16.
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Very good thinking. Hats off! 8)bourne159 wrote:You almost got it. There are 4 ways in which one out of 4 numbers is a prime. So you need to multiply 1/16 with 4parallel_chase wrote:My answer is 7/8.anju wrote:-- John wrote a phone number on a note that was later lost. John can remember that the number had 7 digits, the digit 1 appeared in the last three places and 0 did not appear at all. What is the probability that the phone number contains at least two prime digits?
a) 15/16
b) 11/16
c) 11/12
d) ½
e) 5/8
7 digits, last 3 are 1, 0 is not included.
Therefore we only have to consider 4 digits.
each digit can be filled with 8 letters (2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9)
4 prime numbers and 4 non prime numbers
probability of exactly 1 prime
probability of picking non prime letter for first digit is 1/2
probability of picking non prime letter for second digit is 1/2
probability of picking non prime letter for third digit is 1/2
probability of picking prime letter for fourth digit is 1/2
1/2*1/2*1/2*1/2 = 1/16
Similarly, probability of exactly 0 prime
will be 1/2*1/2*1/2*1/2 = 1/16
1-1/16+1/16 = probability of at least 2 prime
1/16 + 1/16 = 2/16
1-2/16 = 14/16 = 7/8
I dont know where I am going wrong. Whats the source.
probability one prime + probability of no primes = 4 * 1/16 + 1/16 = 5/16
probability of atleast two primes = 1 - 5/16 = 11/16 (B)
LGTCH
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You almost got it. There are 4 ways in which one out of 4 numbers is a prime. So you need to multiply 1/16 with 4
probability one prime + probability of no primes = 4 * 1/16 + 1/16 = 5/16
probability of atleast two primes = 1 - 5/16 = 11/16 (B)
Why do we multiply 1/16 by 4?
probability one prime + probability of no primes = 4 * 1/16 + 1/16 = 5/16
probability of atleast two primes = 1 - 5/16 = 11/16 (B)
Why do we multiply 1/16 by 4?
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We know that the single-digit numbers that are primes are 2, 3, 5, and 7.anju wrote:-- John wrote a phone number on a note that was later lost. John can remember that the number had 7 digits, the digit 1 appeared in the last three places and 0 did not appear at all. What is the probability that the phone number contains at least two prime digits?
a) 15/16
b) 11/16
c) 11/12
d) �
e) 5/8
Since the last three digits are all 1's, we only have to deal with the first 4 digits, in which none of them is 0 (and we are also going to assume that none of the first 4 digits is 1).
Thus, the probability that the first 4 digits are all primes (where each digit can be 2 to 9, inclusive) is:
4/8 x 4/8 x 4/8 x 4/8 = (1/2)^4 = 1/16
The probability that exactly 3 of the first 4 digits are primes is:
(4/8 x 4/8 x 4/8 x 4/8) x 4C3 = (1/2)^4 x 4 = 4/16
Notice that the last factor 4C3 is the number of ways one can arrange 3 prime digits in 4 spots. The probability that exactly 2 of the first 4 digits are primes is:
(4/8 x 4/8 x 4/8 x 4/8) x 4C2 = (1/2)^4 x 6 = 6/16
Thus, the probability that the phone number contains at least two prime digits is:
1/16 + 4/16 + 6/16 = 11/16
Answer: B
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