Japnese american community

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Japnese american community

by FINALCOUNTDOWN » Mon Feb 02, 2009 9:23 pm
Kazuko Nakane’s history of the early Japanese immigrants to central California’s Pajaro Valley focuses on the development of farming communities there from 1890 to 1940. The Issei (first-generation immigrants) were brought into the Pajaro Valley to raise sugar beets. Like Issei laborers in American cities, Japanese men in rural areas sought employment via the “boss” system. The system comprised three elements: immigrant wage laborers; Issei boardinghouses where laborers stayed; and labor contractors, who gathered workers for a particular job and then negotiated a contract between workers and employer. This same system was originally utilized by the Chinese laborers who had preceded the Japanese. A related institution was the “labor club,” which provided job information and negotiated employment contracts and other legal matters, such as the rental of land, for Issei who chose to belong and paid an annual fee to the cooperative for membership.
When the local sugar beet industry collapsed in 1902, the Issei began to lease land from the valley’s strawberry farmers. The Japanese provided the labor and the crop was divided between laborers and landowners. The Issei thus moved quickly from wage-labor employment to sharecropping agreements. A limited amount of economic progress was made as some Issei were able to rent or buy farmland directly, while others joined together to form farming corporations. As the Issei began to operate farms, they began to marry and start families, forming an established Japanese American community. Unfortunately, the Issei’s efforts to attain agricultural independence were hampered by government restrictions, such as the Alien Land Law of 1913. But immigrants could circumvent such exclusionary laws by leasing or purchasing land in their American-born children’s names.
Nakane’s case study of one rural Japanese American community provides valuable information about the lives and experiences of the Issei. It is, however, too particularistic. This limitation derives from Nakane’s methodology—that of oral history—which cannot substitute for a broader theoretical or comparative perspective. Future research might well consider two issues raised by her study: were the Issei of the Pajaro Valley similar to or different from Issei in urban settings, and what variations existed between rural Japanese American communities?

6. The author of the passage would most likely agree that which of the following, if it had been included in Nakane’s study, would best remedy the particularistic nature of that study?
(A) A statistical table comparing per capita income of Issei wage laborers and sharecroppers in the Pajaro Valley
(B) A statistical table showing per capita income of Issei in the Pajaro Valley from 1890 to 1940
(C) A statistical table showing rates of farm ownership by Japanese Americans in four central California counties from 1890 to 1940
(D) A discussion of original company documents dealing with the Pajaro Valley sugar beet industry at the turn of the century
(E) Transcripts of interviews conducted with members of the Pajaro Valley Japanese American community who were born in the 1920’s and 1930’s

7. It can be inferred from the passage that, when the Issei began to lease land from the Valley’s strawberry farmers, the Issei most probably did which of the following?
(A) They used profits made from selling the strawberry crop to hire other Issei.
(B) They negotiated such agricultural contracts using the “boss” system.
(C) They paid for the use of the land with a share of the strawberry crop.
(D) They earned higher wages than when they raised sugar beets.
(E) They violated the Alien Land Law.
6-C, 7-C

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by anshulseth » Wed Mar 11, 2009 1:16 am
6-B and 7-C are the answer according to me.
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Re: Japnese american community

by insanejuxtapose » Thu Mar 12, 2009 1:37 am
6-C as the last para mentions "This limitation derives from Nakane’s methodology—that of oral history—which cannot substitute for a broader theoretical or comparative perspective"

So if there was a table with 4 counties of California ,there could have been a broader and a comparison of all the counties comprising of japenese-american community instead of just one .

7-C - clearly mentioned in the passage that they followed the concept of crop sharing

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by ironsferri » Sun Jun 27, 2010 4:44 pm
4) Several Issei families join together to purchase a
strawberry field and the necessary farming equipment.
Such a situation best exemplifies which of the
following, as it is described in the passage?
(A) A typical sharecropping agreement
(B) A farming corporation
(C) A "labor club"
(D) The "boss" system
(E) Circumvention of the Alien Land Law


oa is b.

Why can't be E?

I can't see any support for A in the passage.

Please help...!
Thanks

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by viju9162 » Sun Jun 27, 2010 5:53 pm
Alien Land Law states immigrants cannot purchase lands and it hampered their agricultural independence. Hence, E cannot be the answer as Issei families joined together to purchase a field and related farming equipment. The law does not say don't buy the equipments.

B suits well within the choices given.

Can anyone share the correct answers for this passage?

Thanks,
Viju
"Native of" is used for a individual while "Native to" is used for a large group

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by viju9162 » Sun Jun 27, 2010 5:54 pm
answers are given :). Sorry!

Regards,
Viju
"Native of" is used for a individual while "Native to" is used for a large group

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by ironsferri » Sun Jun 27, 2010 7:53 pm
Hi Viju,
yes, but I don't see where B is supported in the passage - that's why I don't get it.
Can you ipoint where B is supported?

Thanks bud
c-

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by viju9162 » Sun Jun 27, 2010 8:02 pm
Dear ironsferri,

It asks for the "best exemplifies", look out for answer that matches the most.

I did POE ( Process Of Elimination) here.

A - we are not talking about this
B - Let me keep this
C - Club is only meant for job information and negotiated employment contracts and other legal matters
D - no Boss system - Japanese men in rural areas sought employment via the "boss" system.
E - Does not suit.

B suits the most.

Thanks,
Viju
"Native of" is used for a individual while "Native to" is used for a large group