Once numbering in the millions worldwide, it is estimated that the wolf has declined to 200,000 in 57 countries, some 11,000 of them to be found in the lower 48 United States and Alaska.
A. it is estimated that the wolf has declined to 200,000 in 57 countries, some
B. the wolf is estimated to have declined to 200,000 in 57 countries, with approximately
C. the wolf has declined to an estimate of 200,000 in 57 countries, some
D. wolves have declined to an estimate of 200,000 in 57 countries, with approximately
E. wolves have declined to an estimated 200,000 in 57 countries, some
[spoiler]OA E
Why not D ?[/spoiler]
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Once numbering in the millions worldwide
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DavidG@VeritasPrep
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The sentence begins with a participial modifier. What was numbering in the millions? Wolves. That leaves us with D or E. D, read literally, makes it sound as though the wolves have declined to an estimate. This is illogical. The author is trying to convey that the population has declined to an estimated number. (Note that in D, "estimate" is used as a noun - the thing the wolves declined to - whereas in E, "estimated" is used to modify 200,000, which is the number the population has declined to.)mack13 wrote:Once numbering in the millions worldwide, it is estimated that the wolf has declined to 200,000 in 57 countries, some 11,000 of them to be found in the lower 48 United States and Alaska.
A. it is estimated that the wolf has declined to 200,000 in 57 countries, some
B. the wolf is estimated to have declined to 200,000 in 57 countries, with approximately
C. the wolf has declined to an estimate of 200,000 in 57 countries, some
D. wolves have declined to an estimate of 200,000 in 57 countries, with approximately
E. wolves have declined to an estimated 200,000 in 57 countries, some
[spoiler]OA E
Why not D ?[/spoiler]
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GMATGuruNY
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Another reason to eliminate D:
Generally, COMMA + with after a clause must serve to express HOW the preceding action is performed.
D: Wolves have declined, with approximately 11,000 of them to be found in the lower 48 States.
Here, the COMMA + with modifier in red serves to express not how wolves HAVE DECLINED (the preceding action) but where they are currently FOUND.
Since the COMMA + with modifier is misused, eliminate D.
Generally, COMMA + with after a clause must serve to express HOW the preceding action is performed.
D: Wolves have declined, with approximately 11,000 of them to be found in the lower 48 States.
Here, the COMMA + with modifier in red serves to express not how wolves HAVE DECLINED (the preceding action) but where they are currently FOUND.
Since the COMMA + with modifier is misused, eliminate D.
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richachampion
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Can we also discuss "some" here?GMATGuruNY wrote:Another reason to eliminate D:
Generally, COMMA + with after a clause must serve to express HOW the preceding action is performed.
D: Wolves have declined, with approximately 11,000 of them to be found in the lower 48 States.
Here, the COMMA + with modifier in red serves to express not how wolves HAVE DECLINED (the preceding action) but where they are currently FOUND.
Since the COMMA + with modifier is misused, eliminate D.
I think "some of them" is followed by an infinitive that means it is not a full clause. Therefore it will not create a RUN ON SENTENCE. So "some of them" is grammatically fine here.
Can you please elaborate more above.GMATGuruNY wrote:Another reason to eliminate D:
Here, the COMMA + with modifier in red serves to express not how wolves HAVE DECLINED (the preceding action) but where they are currently FOUND.
Since the COMMA + with modifier is misused, eliminate D.
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OA: Wolves have declined to an estimated 200,000 in 57 countries, some 11,000 of them to be found in the lower 48 United States and Alaska.richachampion wrote:Can we also discuss "some" here?GMATGuruNY wrote:Another reason to eliminate D:
Generally, COMMA + with after a clause must serve to express HOW the preceding action is performed.
D: Wolves have declined, with approximately 11,000 of them to be found in the lower 48 States.
Here, the COMMA + with modifier in red serves to express not how wolves HAVE DECLINED (the preceding action) but where they are currently FOUND.
Since the COMMA + with modifier is misused, eliminate D.
I think "some of them" is followed by an infinitive that means it is not a full clause. Therefore it will not create a RUN ON SENTENCE. So "some of them" is grammatically fine here.
Here, to be found is a MODIFIER serving to describe some 11,000 of the wolves.
What KIND of wolves?
Wolves TO BE FOUND in the lower 48 United States and Alaska.
The entire portion in blue is an ABSOLUTE PHRASE serving to modify the preceding clause.
For more on absolute phrases, check my post here:
https://www.beatthegmat.com/absolute-phr ... 78196.html
A COMMA + with modifier must serve to express HOW the preceding action is facilitated.Can you please elaborate more above.GMATGuruNY wrote:Another reason to eliminate D:
Here, the COMMA + with modifier in red serves to express not how wolves HAVE DECLINED (the preceding action) but where they are currently FOUND.
Since the COMMA + with modifier is misused, eliminate D.
SC78 in the OG11:
Visitors to the park have often looked up into the leafy canopy and seen monkeys sleeping on the branches, with arms and legs hanging like socks on a clothesline.
Here, the COMMA + with modifier in blue logically expresses how the preceding act of SLEEPING is facilitated.
D: Wolves have declined, with approximately 11,000 of them to be found in the lower 48 States.
Here, the COMMA + with modifier in red does NOT express how the preceding action -- that the wolves HAVE DECLINED in number -- is facilitated.
Where the wolves are now found did not facilitate their decline but is the RESULT of their decline.
Eliminate D.
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I have worked with students based in the US, Australia, Taiwan, China, Tajikistan, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia -- a long list of countries.
My students have been admitted to HBS, CBS, Tuck, Yale, Stern, Fuqua -- a long list of top programs.
As a tutor, I don't simply teach you how I would approach problems.
I unlock the best way for YOU to solve problems.
For more information, please email me (Mitch Hunt) at [email protected].
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