Sentence Correction

From OG 10 - SC#205 -

The peaks of a mountain range, acting like rocks in a streambed, produce ripples in the air flowing over them; the resulting flow pattern, with crests and troughs that remain stationary although the air that forms them is moving rapidly, are known as "standing waves.

A) crests and troughs that remain stationary although the air that forms them is moving rapidly, are
B) crests and troughs that remain stationary although they are formed by rapidly moving air, are
C) crests and troughs that remain stationary although the air that forms them is moving rapidly, is
D) stationary crests and troughs although the air that forms them is moving rapidly, are
E) stationary crests and troughs although the air that forms them is moving rapidly, is

[spoiler]Can somebody explain between C and E, which one is better and why ?[/spoiler]

C is correct here. E looks very awkward.

It is important to understand that although introduces a clause and so should not be a part of phrase. in E with introduces a phrase.

Whats the OA?

this_time_i_will wrote:It is important to understand that although introduces a clause and so should not be a part of phrase. in E with introduces a phrase.

Could you please explain ? I could not understand what you wanted to convey

C is better than E and the reason being

crests and troughs that remain stationary => x

although

the air that forms them is moving rapidly => Y

HERE X AND Y ARE PARALLEL

this_time_i_will wrote:It is important to understand that although introduces a clause and so should not be a part of phrase. in E with introduces a phrase.

Although can be used in many other ways also : [ taken from one BTG expert post only ]


Note that these sentence are all correct

Susan, (al)though disappointed not to have been offered a scholarship, accepted their offer of admission.

(Al)Though no larger in area than the state of Delaware, Lake Baikal is the world's largest freshwater body of water in terms of volume.

Lisa turned down my invitation, though with an endearing smile.

(Al)Though we knew better than to expect luxurious accomodations, we were shocked to see that the

Mayur Sand wrote:Whats the OA?

OA is C

reply2spg wrote:C is correct here. E looks very awkward.

How E is looking awkward ?
In fact E is more concise than C.

hi.itz.mani wrote:C is better than E and the reason being

crests and troughs that remain stationary => x

although

the air that forms them is moving rapidly => Y

HERE X AND Y ARE PARALLEL

You are right that C is parallel.
But a dependent clause may or may not be parallel.
Even if C is correct, why E is wrong ?

paes wrote:

hi.itz.mani wrote:C is better than E and the reason being

crests and troughs that remain stationary => x

although

the air that forms them is moving rapidly => Y

HERE X AND Y ARE PARALLEL

You are right that C is parallel.
But a dependent clause may or may not be parallel.
Even if C is correct, why E is wrong ?

First of all Thanks Paes for asking the question as I again learnt something new today
I am quoting Ron here ( hope he doesn't mind https://www.manhattangmat.com/forums/vie ... w=previous )
(1) There's better parallelism between the 2 principal parts (crests...stationary and air...rapidly)
(2) incorrect use of 'although' in the subordinate clause: 'although' has to separate a CLAUSE (with a verb) from another CLAUSE (with a verb). 'Stationary crests and troughs' doesn't have a verb

paes wrote:From OG 10 - SC#205 -

The peaks of a mountain range, acting like rocks in a streambed, produce ripples in the air flowing over them; the resulting flow pattern, with crests and troughs that remain stationary although the air that forms them is moving rapidly, are known as "standing waves.

A) crests and troughs that remain stationary although the air that forms them is moving rapidly, are
B) crests and troughs that remain stationary although they are formed by rapidly moving air, are
C) crests and troughs that remain stationary although the air that forms them is moving rapidly, is
D) stationary crests and troughs although the air that forms them is moving rapidly, are
E) stationary crests and troughs although the air that forms them is moving rapidly, is

[spoiler]Can somebody explain between C and E, which one is better and why ?[/spoiler]

Some thoughts:

Non-essential modifier:

The modifier that is set off by commas (,....,) is called non-essential modifier. This type of modifier does not have any grammatical relation with the main sentence.

1. Although clause can be used at the end of a complete sentence.
example:

They have made the ship that is now used to transfer goods although it was difficult for them to make.

2. Although clause cannot be used after the prepositional phrase.

Example:

By a boat and a ship although they are not good. ---------Incorrect.


3. Although clause can be used at the end of a relative clause (starting with that, which, who).

Example:

They have won the match that was played between A and B although the weather was not in favor of them. ----Correct.

Now, think about E:

with stationary crests and troughs although the air that forms them is moving rapidly

Does the first part have subject and verb or relative clause? NO. So this cannot be used.

==> and hence E is NOT correct.

Thanks Mani,

I have already gone through Ron's explanation. But somehow it was not very clear to me.
Can you interpret the 2nd point in simple general term.
then it will be easy to implement it in other problems.

although' has to separate a CLAUSE : ok now can you find out the CLAUSE in C ?

i.e.
the structure should be :

<Athough..>, <clause>

now what is this clause in C, and how it is missing in E.

gmat_perfect@

thanks. Your explanation makes sense.

Some clarification :

Although clause cannot be used after the prepositional phrase.

I think :

No dependent clause can be made after the prepositional phrase. --> Correct me if I am wrong.

paes wrote:gmat_perfect@

thanks. Your explanation makes sense.

Some clarification :

Although clause cannot be used after the prepositional phrase.

I think :

No dependent clause can be made after the prepositional phrase. --> Correct me if I am wrong.

Yes, if ad only if that prepositional phrase is not a part of an independent clause.

Example:

I went to new market with my friend Mita although she did not want to go.

--> Here, the prepositional phrase "with my friend Mita" is a part of the independent clause "I went to new market".

If there is only "prepositional phrase", in that case you cannot use dependent clause.

Example:

With my friend Mita although she did not want to go.

==> This is wrong.

Thanks paes for the question.


BTW, when are you going to face the beast?