@ boysangur :
Whenever any expression 'a' is a factor of expression 'b', you can equate expression 'a' to 0 and put the value in expression 'b' and the result would be 0.
E.g.
Say, x-1 is a factor of a*(x^2) + b*x + c
Now,
equate x - 1 to 0
i.e.
x-1=0
or, x=1
Put this value in the given expression and the result should be 0.
i.e.
Put x = 1 in a*(x^2) + b*x + c and equate to 0.
or,
a*(1^2) + b*1 + c = 0
or, a + b + c = 0
If the valus of any 2 variables are given, we can find the value of the third.
Coming to the question that is stated :
we are given
2x - 1 is a factor of 2x^2 + bx + 3
Equate 2x-1 to 0
or, 2x - 1 = 0
or, x = 1/2
Now put this valus of x in the expression;
2*{(1/2)^2)} + b*(1/2) + 3 = 0
or, 2*(1/4) + b/2 + 3 = 0
or; 1/2 + b/2 = -3
or, b = -7