Sentence Correction

Before scientists learned how to make a synthetic growth hormone, removing it painstakingly in small amounts from the pituitary glands of human cadavers.

A) scientists learned how to make a synthetic growth hormone, removing it painstakingly
B) scientists had learned about making a synthetic growth hormone, they had to remove it painstakingly
C) scientists learned how to synthesize the growth hormone, it had to be painstakingly removed
D) learning how to make a synthetic growth hormone, scientists had to remove it painstakingly
E) learning how to synthesize the growth hormone, it had to be painstakingly removed.

It seems to me that both C and D are correct. Can someone explain why one is more correct than the other?

C talks about 'to synthesize the growth hormone'. That fragment does not have the same meaning as 'to make a synthetic growth hormone'.
The two phrases talk about two different things. D is correct.

What is the OA to this one?
I would think the answer is C
In D seperating remove and painstakingly seems to be awkward construction of the sentence it makes remove the modifier of painstakingly when it shouls be the other way around. Although I do see the point that how to make a sythentic and sythesizing are two different things in terms of word ocnstruction but in essence they do mean the same thing.

I'll go with C on this one as well.

D is a bit ambiguous in saying that the scientists had to remove it from
human cadavers - I don't think this is implied in the original sentence.

I would go with D. I agree with what givemanaid said.

what is the OA?

OA is C

It is past perfect tense, we have two verbs... so one needs to be in simple past and other in past perfect...(Had + Pp of verb)... So c is correct.

apk.vis wrote:It is past perfect tense, we have two verbs... so one needs to be in simple past and other in past perfect...(Had + Pp of verb)... So c is correct.

I fully agree with you. My thinking was exactly on those lines.....

Request some expert to please explain this one.

Regards

Confusion between C & D.

Why is "it" in C correct?

Kindly explain.

Thanks.

Confusion between C & D.

Why is "it" in C correct?

Kindly explain.

Thanks.

jrbrown2 wrote:Before scientists learned how to make a synthetic growth hormone, removing it painstakingly in small amounts from the pituitary glands of human cadavers.

A) scientists learned how to make a synthetic growth hormone, removing it painstakingly
B) scientists had learned about making a synthetic growth hormone, they had to remove it painstakingly
C) scientists learned how to synthesize the growth hormone, it had to be painstakingly removed
D) learning how to make a synthetic growth hormone, scientists had to remove it painstakingly
E) learning how to synthesize the growth hormone, it had to be painstakingly removed.

It seems to me that both C and D are correct. Can someone explain why one is more correct than the other?

In D, the antecedent of it is a synthetic growth hormone. Since synthetic means ARTIFICIAL, D does not convey the intended meaning. How could scientists remove an ARTIFICIAL hormone from HUMAN cadavers? Eliminate D.

In C, the antecedent of it is the growth hormone. The meaning here makes sense: it was THE GROWTH HORMONE that had to be painstakingly removed from human cadavers -- until the scientists learned how to SYNTHESIZE it.

The correct answer is C.